Pharmaceutical cyclosporin compositions

1. A method for treating a disease in a subject selected from: ischemic bowel diseases, necrotizing enterocolitis, Coeliac diseases, proctitis; an inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and/or irritable bowel syndrome, the method comprising orally administering to the subject an effective amount of cyclosporin in a solubilised liquid form included in an oral formulation which permits targeted release of the solubilised cyclosporin at least in the colon, the oral formulation being a multiple minicapsule or multiple minisphere formulation the formulation comprising minicapsules or minispheres in which the cyclosporine in a solubilized liquid form is encapsulated with a gelling agent, wherein a modified release coating is applied to the gelling agent, the modified release coating comprising a controlled release polymer suitable to provide the targeted release of the cyclosporin at least in the colon.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the oral formulation comprises seamless minicapsules or seamless minispheres in which the cyclosporin in a solubilised liquid form is encapsulated with gelatin.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cyclosporin is cyclosporin A.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a polymeric material is used to achieve the modified release.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coating includes a dissolution enhancing agent degraded by bacteria normally present in the lower gastrointestinal tract.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the modified release coating comprises a polymeric material which comprises an acrylic-, methacrylic-, or ethylcellulose-based polymer, or a combination thereof.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the modified release coating comprises a polymeric material which is a methacrylate, ethylcellulose, or a combination of methacrylate and ethylcellulose.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the coating includes a dissolution enhancing agent degraded by bacteria normally present in the lower gastrointestinal tract.

9. The method of claim 6 , wherein the coating includes a dissolution enhancing agent selected from one or more of pectin, amylose and alginate or derivatives thereof.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein the oral formulation comprises minicapsules or minispheres in which the cyclosporin in a solubilised liquid form is encapsulated with a gelling agent, the minicapsules or minispheres being adapted to release the cyclosporin at least in the colon and having the characteristics of minicapsules or minispheres obtained by a process in which minicapsules or minispheres are produced through the utilisation of surface tension of different liquids ejected through a nozzle, said liquids being (i) a hydrophobic medium which is selected from a solution and suspension and which contains a cyclosporin in solubilised liquid form and (ii) a gel-forming solution, in which process the solutions are ejected through a nozzle having a single orifice, form into a spherical form and fall into a cooling air flow or into a cooling or hardening solution where the outer shell solution is gelled or solidified, the process optionally further comprising forming the minicapsules into an oral composition comprising a hard gelatine capsule, a sprinkle, or a tablet containing the minicapsules.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the oral formulation permits targeted release of the solubilised cyclosporin in the ileum and colon.

12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the coating comprises a polymeric material to achieve the modified release and a dissolution enhancing agent degraded by bacteria normally present in the lower gastrointestinal tract.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein the polymeric material comprises an acrylic-, methacrylic-, or ethylcellulose-based polymer, or a combination thereof, and the dissolution enhancing agent is selected from one or more of pectin, amylose and alginate or derivatives thereof.

14. The method of claim 1 which is selected from:

a) methods wherein there is further administered to the subject another immunosuppressant; and

b) methods for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease wherein there is further administered to the subject at least one active entity selected from hydralazine, DMOG, and other propyl and/or asparaginyl hydroxylase inhibitors.

15. A method of treating a disease in a subject selected from: ischemic bowel diseases, necrotizing enterocolitis, Coeliac diseases, proctitis, an inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and/or irritable bowel syndrome, by administering to the subject a cyclosporin composition, the method comprising orally delivering the cyclosporin in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier(s) or excipient(s), wherein the cyclosporin and the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier(s) or excipient(s) are released at least in the colon, wherein the composition comprises seamless minicapsules or seamless minispheres having a core comprising cyclosporin in a solubilised liquid form encapsulated with a gelling agent, the seamless minicapsules or seamless minispheres having a release profile to release the solubilised cyclosporin at least in the colon, and wherein the gelling agent is coated with a modified release coating comprising a controlled release polymer that results in the targeted release of the cyclosporine at least in the colon.

16. The method of claim 1 wherein the formulation protects the cyclosporin from absorption in the environment of the upper gastrointestinal tract.

17. The method of claim 1 wherein the treatment or prevention comprises local gastrointestinal activity of the cyclosporin.

18. The method of claim 1 wherein the minicapsules or minispheres further comprise a modified release coating which includes a dissolution enhancing agent degraded by bacteria normally present in the lower gastrointestinal tract and the treatment or prevention comprises the cyclosporin acting by a locally acting therapy.

19. The method of claim 15 wherein the treatment or prevention comprises local gastrointestinal activity of the cyclosporin.

20. The method of claim 1 wherein the oral formulation further comprises another active pharmaceutical ingredient being selected from tacrolimus, sirolimus, hydralazine, DMOG, propyl-hydroxylase inhibitor, asparaginyl hydroxylase inhibitor, or a combination thereof.

21. The method of claim 1 wherein the minicapsules or minispheres are seamless.

22. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oral formulation comprises a unit dosage form comprising the multiple minicapsules or the multiple minispheres.

23. The method of claim 15 , wherein the seamless minicapsules or the seamless minispheres are included in a single unit dosage form.