Setpoint optimization for air handling units

1. A method for setpoint optimization for an air handling unit comprising:

selecting a thermal comfort level index setpoint;

computing a thermal comfort level index space;

determining a zone air properties target area from the thermal comfort level index setpoint and the thermal comfort level index space; and

computing a supply air properties target area from the zone air properties target area; and

wherein:

each target area comprises a set of air properties, the set including either multiple values of a single air property, or multiple combinations of values of a plurality of air properties, each target area including virtually all values or combinations of values of air properties that will lead to satisfaction of comfort requirements as specified by the thermal comfort level index setpoint; and

the supply air properties target area defines boundaries for optimization of supply air setpoints, the supply air setpoints for controlling HVAC equipment that provides supply air.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein optimization comprises attaining the thermal comfort level index setpoint with minimal energy.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a thermal comfort level index comprises a predicted mean vote (PMV).

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the single air property or the air properties of the plurality of air properties are selected from a group consisting of air temperature, air relative humidity, air speed and radiant temperature.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the selecting a thermal comfort level index setpoint considers geographical location, climatic season and/or one or more occupants' inputs.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the computing a thermal comfort level index space is at least partially from a given range of zone air properties and/or occupant-related parameters.

7. The method claim 6 , wherein the zone air properties target area is found as a subset of the thermal comfort level index space that comprises one or more points satisfying the thermal comfort level index setpoint.

8. The method of claim 6 , wherein the computing a supply air properties target area from the zone air properties target area, comprises transforming the zone air properties target area to the supply air properties target area with one or more resets.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the one or more resets comprise a supply air temperature reset and/or a supply air humidity reset.

10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the transforming the zone air properties target area to the supply air properties target area, comprises one or more setpoint corrections based on internal heat gain, building dynamics, current outdoor air conditions, and/or forecast outdoor air conditions.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

the supply air properties target area comprises an input for an optimization algorithm for searching supply air setpoints; and

the supply air setpoints comprise air temperature, air relative humidity and/or air speed.

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein a supply air setpoint is selected as a particular point from the supply air properties target area to yield a virtually maximum amount of energy savings.

13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining a minimum and optimal portion of outdoor air to meet an appropriate mixing ratio of outdoor air to return air, heat recovery amount, and/or level of indoor air quality (IAQ).

14. The method claim 13 , further comprising:

finding a feasible path in a psychrometric chart indicating virtually minimum energy required to attain the optimal portion of outdoor air and the thermal comfort level index setpoint; and

wherein:

the feasible path of the psychrometric chart comprises a start point and an end point;

the start point comprises the optimal portion of outdoor air; and

the end point comprises the supply air temperature, relative humidity and/or speed setpoint corresponding to the selected thermal comfort level index setpoint.

15. A system for setpoint optimization for an air handling unit comprising:

a thermal comfort level index scheduler for providing a selected thermal comfort level index setpoint; and

a mechanism for transforming a zone air properties target area to a supply air properties target area; and

wherein:

the thermal comfort level index scheduler provides the thermal comfort level index setpoint to the mechanism;

the zone air properties target area has one or more points that satisfy the thermal comfort level index setpoint from the thermal comfort level index scheduler;

a target area comprises a set of virtually all combinations of air properties;

the air properties comprise one or more of a group consisting of air temperature, relative humidity, air speed, and radiant temperature; and

the transforming a zone air properties target area to a supply air properties target area comprises using one or more supply air setpoint resets which incorporate building dynamics, internal heat gain and outdoor air temperature.

16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the thermal comfort level index comprises a predicted mean vote (PMV) for quantifying a thermal comfort level.

17. A method for optimizing a setpoint for an air handling unit, comprising:

selecting a thermal comfort level index setpoint;

finding a zone air properties target area; and

computing a supply air properties target area from the zone air properties target area.

18. The method of claim 17 , wherein selecting a thermal comfort level index setpoint comprises inputs concerning a geographical location, a climate season, and/or one or more occupant's adjustments, if any.

19. The method of claim 17 , wherein finding a zone air properties target area comprises:

computing a thermal comfort level index space; and

locating one or more points in the thermal comfort level index space which satisfy the thermal comfort level index setpoint.

20. The method of claim 19 , wherein computing the supply air properties target area comprises:

providing a supply air temperature setpoint reset from a zone air temperature and a zone air temperature setpoint; and

providing a supply air relative humidity reset from a zone air relative humidity and a zone air relative humidity setpoint; and

wherein the resets reflect building dynamics, occupancy, internal heat gain, weather and/or weather forecast.