Patient selectable joint arthroplasty devices and surgical tools
View Patent ↗A patellar 3-D guidance tool includes a template. The template includes at least one contact surface for engaging a surface of the patella. The at least one contact surface substantially conforms with the surface associated with the patellar. At least one guide aperture directs movement of a surgical instrument, wherein the shape and/or position of the guide aperture is based, at least in part, on three or more anatomic reference points associated with the patellar.
1. A patient-specific instrument system for surgery of a joint of a patient, the system comprising:
a patient-specific surface for engaging a substantially uncut joint surface, the surface conforming to and being substantially a negative of a corresponding portion of the uncut joint surface; and
a guide for directing a surgical instrument, wherein the guide has a predefined position relative to the patient-specific surface and is fixed at a predefined orientation from at least one of an anatomical axis and a biomechanical axis associated with said joint, wherein the guide defines a cutting or drilling path through at least a portion of the joint, and
a tool configured to define at least one of a predetermined flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation and external rotation angle of an orthopedic implant.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the patient-specific surface and the guide are included in an integrally formed body.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the patient-specific surface is included in a first body having a linkage mechanism and the tool includes a complimentary linkage mechanism for connecting the first body and the tool.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the patient-specific surface has a convex portion.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system has a plurality of guides therein.
6. The system of claim 5 , wherein a first guide of the plurality of guides is configured at an angle to a second guide of the plurality of guides.
7. The system of claim 1 , further including a second guide is configured at an angle to the guide.
8. The system of claim 1 , further including a second guide, wherein the guide is configured for drilling and the second guide is configured for cutting.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the patient-specific surface is configured to prevent at least one movement selected from the group consisting of axial, lateral and rotational.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system is configured to position an orthopedic implant that is a femoral component of a knee implant.
11. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system is configured to position an orthopedic implant that is a tibial component of a knee implant.
12. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system is configured to treat a knee joint of the patient.
13. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system is configured to treat a hip joint of the patient.
14. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system is configured to treat a vertebra of the patient.
15. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system is configured to treat an elbow joint of the patient.
16. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system is configured to treat an ankle joint of the patient.
17. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system is configured to treat a wrist joint of the patient.
18. The system of claim 1 , wherein the uncut joint surface includes normal or diseased cartilage.
19. The system of claim 1 , wherein the uncut joint surface includes subchondral bone.
20. The system of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation and external rotation angle of the orthopedic implant is selected by an operator.
21. The system of claim 20 , wherein the operator is a surgeon.
22. The system of claim 1 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of a femoral condyle.
23. The system of claim 1 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of a tibial plateau.
24. The system of claim 1 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of an acetabulum or acetabular rim.
25. The system of claim 1 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of a femoral head or neck.
26. The system of claim 1 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of a glenoid or glenoid rim.
27. The system of claim 1 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of a humeral head or neck.
28. The system of claim 1 , wherein the patient-specific surface is, at least in part, derived by estimating cartilage loss for at least a portion of the joint.
29. The system of claim 1 , wherein the tool is patient-specific.
30. The system of claim 1 , wherein the tool does not include a patient-specific surface.
31. The system of claim 1 , wherein the tool is adjustable.
32. The system of claim 1 , wherein the tool includes an adjustment mechanism configured to set one of a flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation and external rotation angle of an orthopedic implant.
33. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system is configured to treat a shoulder joint of the patient.
34. A patient-specific instrument system for surgery of a joint of a patient, the system comprising:
a patient-specific surface for engaging a substantially uncut joint surface, the surface conforming to and being substantially a negative of a corresponding portion of the uncut joint surface;
a guide for directing a surgical instrument, wherein the guide has a predefined position relative to the patient-specific surface and is fixed at a predefined orientation from at least one of an anatomical axis and a biomechanical axis associated with said joint, wherein the guide defines a cutting or drilling path through at least a portion of the joint; and
a tool configured to define at least one of a predetermined internal rotation and external rotation angle of an orthopedic implant.
35. The system of claim 34 , wherein the patient-specific surface and the guide are included in an integrally formed body.
36. The system of claim 34 , wherein the patient-specific surface is included in a first body having a linkage mechanism and the tool includes a complimentary linkage mechanism for connecting the first body and the tool.
37. The system of claim 34 , wherein the patient-specific surface has a convex portion.
38. The system of claim 34 , wherein the system has a plurality of guides therein.
39. The system of claim 38 , wherein a first guide of the plurality of guides is configured at an angle to a second guide of the plurality of guides.
40. The system of claim 34 , further comprising a second guide is configured at an angle to the guide.
41. The system of claim 34 , further comprising a second guide, wherein the guide is configured for drilling and the second guide is configured for cutting.
42. The system of claim 34 , wherein the patient-specific surface is configured to prevent at least one movement selected from the group consisting of axial, lateral and rotational.
43. The system of claim 34 , wherein the system is configured to position an orthopedic implant that is a femoral component of a knee implant.
44. The system of claim 34 , wherein the system is configured to position an orthopedic implant that is a tibial component of a knee implant.
45. The system of claim 34 , wherein the system is configured to treat a knee joint of the patient.
46. The system of claim 34 , wherein the system is configured to treat a hip joint of the patient.
47. The system of claim 34 , wherein the system is configured to treat a vertebra of the patient.
48. The system of claim 34 , wherein the system is configured to treat an elbow joint of the patient.
49. The system of claim 34 , wherein the system is configured to treat an ankle joint of the patient.
50. The system of claim 34 , wherein the system is configured to treat a wrist joint of the patient.
51. The system of claim 34 , wherein the uncut joint surface includes normal or diseased cartilage.
52. The system of claim 34 , wherein the uncut joint surface includes subchondral bone.
53. The system of claim 34 , wherein the predetermined flexion, internal rotation and external rotation angle of the orthopedic implant is selected by an operator.
54. The system of claim 53 , wherein the operator is a surgeon.
55. The system of claim 34 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of a femoral condyle.
56. The system of claim 34 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of a tibial plateau.
57. The system of claim 34 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of an acetabulum or acetabular rim.
58. The system of claim 34 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of a femoral head or neck.
59. The system of claim 34 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of a glenoid or glenoid rim.
60. The system of claim 34 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of a humeral head or neck.
61. The system of claim 34 , wherein the patient-specific surface is, at least in part, derived by estimating cartilage loss for at least a portion of the joint.
62. The system of claim 34 , wherein the tool is patient-specific.
63. The system of claim 34 , wherein the tool does not include a patient-specific surface.
64. The system of claim 34 , wherein the tool is adjustable.
65. The system of claim 34 , wherein the tool includes an adjustment mechanism configured to set one of an internal rotation and external rotation angle of an orthopedic implant.
66. The system of claim 34 , wherein the system is configured to treat a shoulder joint of the patient.
67. A patient-specific instrument system for surgery of a joint of a patient, the system comprising:
a patient-specific surface for engaging a substantially uncut joint surface, the surface conforming to and being substantially a negative of a corresponding portion of the uncut joint surface;
a guide for directing a surgical instrument, wherein the guide has a predefined position relative to the patient-specific surface and is fixed at a predefined orientation from at least one of an anatomical axis and a biomechanical axis associated with said joint, wherein the guide defines a cutting or drilling path through at least a portion of the joint; and
a tool configured to define at least one of a predetermined flexion and extension angle of an orthopedic implant.
68. The system of claim 67 , wherein the patient-specific surface and the guide are included in an integrally formed body.
69. The system of claim 67 , wherein the patient-specific surface is included in a first body having a linkage mechanism and the tool includes a complimentary linkage mechanism for connecting the first body and the tool.
70. The system of claim 67 , wherein the patient-specific surface has a convex portion.
71. The system of claim 67 , wherein the system has a plurality of guides therein.
72. The system of claim 71 , wherein a first guide of the plurality of guides is configured at an angle to a second guide of the plurality of guides.
73. The system of claim 67 , further comprising a second guide configured at an angle to the guide.
74. The system of claim 67 , further comprising a second guide, wherein the guide is configured for drilling and the second guide is configured for cutting.
75. The system of claim 67 wherein the patient-specific surface is configured to prevent at least one movement selected from the group consisting of axial, lateral and rotational.
76. The system of claim 67 , wherein the system is configured to position an orthopedic implant that is a femoral component of a knee implant.
77. The system of claim 67 , wherein the system is configured to position an orthopedic implant that is a tibial component of a knee implant.
78. The system of claim 67 , wherein the system is configured to treat a knee joint of the patient.
79. The system of claim 67 , wherein the system is configured to treat a hip joint of the patient.
80. The system of claim 67 , wherein the system is configured to treat a vertebra of the patient.
81. The system of claim 67 , wherein the system is configured to treat an elbow joint of the patient.
82. The system of claim 67 , wherein the system is configured to treat an ankle joint of the patient.
83. The system of claim 67 , wherein the system is configured to treat a wrist joint of the patient.
84. The system of claim 67 , wherein the uncut joint surface includes normal or diseased cartilage.
85. The system of claim 67 , wherein the uncut joint surface includes subchondral bone.
86. The system of claim 67 , wherein the predetermined flexion and extension angle of the orthopedic implant is selected by an operator.
87. The system of claim 86 , wherein the operator is a surgeon.
88. The system of claim 67 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of a femoral condyle.
89. The system of claim 67 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of a tibial plateau.
90. The system of claim 67 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of an acetabulum or acetabular rim.
91. The system of claim 67 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of a femoral head or neck.
92. The system of claim 67 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of a glenoid or glenoid rim.
93. The system of claim 67 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of a humeral head or neck.
94. The system of claim 67 , wherein the patient-specific surface is, at least in part, derived by estimating cartilage loss for at least a portion of the joint.
95. The system of claim 67 , wherein the tool is patient-specific.
96. The system of claim 67 , wherein the tool does not include a patient-specific surface.
97. The system of claim 67 , wherein the tool is adjustable.
98. The system of claim 67 , wherein the tool includes an adjustment mechanism configured to set one of a flexion and extension angle of an orthopedic implant.
99. The system of claim 67 , wherein the system is configured to treat a shoulder joint of the patient.
100. A patient-specific instrument system for surgery of a joint of a patient, the system comprising:
a patient-specific surface for engaging a substantially uncut joint surface, the surface conforming to and being substantially a negative of a corresponding portion of the uncut joint surface;
a guide for directing a surgical instrument, wherein the guide has a predefined position relative to the patient-specific surface and is fixed at a predefined orientation from at least one of an anatomical axis and a biomechanical axis associated with said joint, wherein the guide defines a cutting or drilling path through at least a portion of the joint; and
a tool configured to define at least one of a predetermined abduction and adduction angle of an orthopedic implant.
101. The system of claim 100 , wherein the patient-specific surface and the guide are included in an integrally formed body.
102. The system of claim 100 , wherein the patient-specific surface is included in a first body having a linkage mechanism and the tool includes a complimentary linkage mechanism for connecting the first body and the tool.
103. The system of claim 100 , wherein the patient-specific surface has a convex portion.
104. The system of claim 100 , wherein the system has a plurality of guides therein.
105. The system of claim 104 , wherein a first guide of the plurality of guides is configured at an angle to a second guide of the plurality of guides.
106. The system of claim 100 , further comprising a second guide configured at an angle to the guide.
107. The system of claim 100 , further comprising a second guide, wherein the guide is configured for drilling and the second guide is configured for cutting.
108. The system of claim 100 wherein the patient-specific surface is configured to prevent at least one movement selected from the group consisting of axial, lateral and rotational.
109. The system of claim 100 , wherein the system is configured to position an orthopedic implant that is a femoral component of a knee implant.
110. The system of claim 100 , wherein the system is configured to position an orthopedic implant that is a tibial component of a knee implant.
111. The system of claim 100 , wherein the system is configured to treat a knee joint of the patient.
112. The system of claim 100 , wherein the system is configured to treat a hip joint of the patient.
113. The system of claim 100 , wherein the system is configured to treat a vertebra of the patient.
114. The system of claim 100 , wherein the system is configured to treat an elbow joint of the patient.
115. The system of claim 100 , wherein the system is configured to treat an ankle joint of the patient.
116. The system of claim 100 , wherein the system is configured to treat a wrist joint of the patient.
117. The system of claim 100 , wherein the uncut joint surface includes normal or diseased cartilage.
118. The system of claim 100 , wherein the uncut joint surface includes subchondral bone.
119. The system of claim 100 , wherein the predetermined flexion, abduction and adduction angle of the orthopedic implant is selected by an operator.
120. The system of claim 119 , wherein the operator is a surgeon.
121. The system of claim 100 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of a femoral condyle.
122. The system of claim 100 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of a tibial plateau.
123. The system of claim 100 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of an acetabulum or acetabular rim.
124. The system of claim 100 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of a femoral head or neck.
125. The system of claim 100 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of a glenoid or glenoid rim.
126. The system of claim 100 , wherein the corresponding surface portion of the joint includes at least a portion of a humeral head or neck.
127. The system of claim 100 , wherein the patient-specific surface is, at least in part, derived by estimating cartilage loss for at least a portion of the joint.
128. The system of claim 100 , wherein the tool is patient-specific.
129. The system of claim 100 , wherein the tool does not include a patient-specific surface.
130. The system of claim 100 , wherein the tool is adjustable.
131. The system of claim 100 , wherein the tool includes an adjustment mechanism configured to set one of an abduction and adduction angle of an orthopedic implant.
132. The system of claim 100 , wherein the system is configured to treat a shoulder joint of the patient.