Composite graphene oxide-polymer laminate and method
A macroscale, self-supporting, composite laminate sheet includes individual, layered graphene oxide sheets and a polymer in spaces between the sheets. This composite product can be fabricated by combining a suspension of individual graphene oxide sheets and a solution of polymer, passing the resulting fluid through a fluid-permeable support, and assembling the graphene oxide sheets and polymer as a laminate sheet by flow-directed assembly. The laminate is dried and released from the membrane filter as a self-supporting thin films.
1. A method of making a graphene oxide composite sheet laminate paper, said method comprising:
(a) forming a mixture comprising individual graphene oxide sheets, a polymer and a solvent;
(b) depositing said mixture to a top surface of a filtration membrane; and
(c) forming said graphene oxide composite sheet laminate paper on said top surface of said filtration membrane by applying a vacuum to a bottom surface of said filtration membrane,
wherein said graphene oxide composite sheet laminate paper comprises an ordered nanocomposite having individual graphene oxide sheets layered on top of one another and the polymer between at least some of the individual graphene oxide sheets said ordered nanocomposite having a periodicity pattern of the polymer between at least some of the individual graphene oxide sheets.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising drying the graphene oxide composite sheet laminate paper on said filtration membrane and subsequently releasing the dried graphene oxide composite sheet laminate paper from the filtration membrane as a self-supporting laminate paper.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said polymer is a hydrophilic polymer.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein said hydrophilic polymer is polyvinyl alcohol.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein said solvent is a hydrophilic solvent.
6. The method of claim 3 , wherein intersheet spacing between the graphene oxide sheets is at least 13.12 angstroms.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said polymer is a hydrophobic polymer.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein said hydrophobic polymer is poly(methyl methacrylate).
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein said solvent is a hydrophobic solvent.
10. The method of claim 7 , wherein intersheet spacing between the graphene oxide sheets is at least 9.60 angstroms.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein said polymer is a copolymer containing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic units arranged randomly or in blocks.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of dissolved polymer in the mixture determines the intersheet spacing between the graphene sheets in the graphene oxide composite sheet laminate paper.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of graphene oxide in the mixture determines the intersheet spacing between the graphene oxide sheets in the graphene oxide composite sheet laminate paper.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the graphene oxide composite sheet laminate paper comprises graphene oxide sheets of greater than about 30% by weight.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the applying a vacuum to a bottom surface of said filtration membrane occurs for 18 hours or longer.