Method and system for steering a directional drilling system
A drill bit direction system and method is disclosed that modifies or biases the stochastic movement of the drill bit to change a drilling direction of a drilling system. The direction of the drill bit is monitored to determine if the direction happens to align in some way with a preferred direction. If the direction isn't close enough to a preferred or desired direction, stochastic motion of the drill bit in the borehole may be controlled and/or motion of the drill bit under a side force acting on the drill bit to direct the drilling may be focused or biased to modify the direction of drilling closer to the preferred direction. Any of a number of stochastic motion control mechanisms or biasing mechanisms can be used. Some embodiments can resort to conventional steering mechanisms to supplement the stochastic motion control or side force biasing mechanisms.
1. A method for controlling a directional drilling system, the directional drilling system comprising a bottomhole assembly including a drill bit for drilling a borehole, to directionally drill the borehole through an earth formation, comprising:
rotating the drill bit in the borehole;
applying a side force to the drill bit;
steering the directional drilling system, wherein the step of steering the directional drilling system comprises using a geostationary, non-concentrically coupled gauge pad assembly to control stochastic motion of the bottomhole assembly and-bias the side force being applied to the drill bit, wherein the gauge pad system is held geostationary and does not rotate with the drill bit;
determining a direction of drilling of the borehole by the steered directional drilling system;
processing directional drilling data, wherein the directional drilling data comprises the determined direction, properties of the side force being applied to the bottomhole assembly and a desired endpoint for the borehole; and
adjusting the steering of the directional drilling system in response to the processed directional drilling data, wherein adjusting of the steering of the directional drilling system comprises using an actuator to adjust the gauge pad assembly and change a direction of the bias of the side force.
2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the drill bit is configured to generate a rotating side force along some fixed direction relative to the drill bit during the drilling process.
3. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:
using at least one of a point-the-bit system and a push-the-bit system to generate the side force acting on the drill bit.
4. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising a step of communicating the desired endpoint from above ground.
5. A machine-readable medium having non-transient machine-executable instructions configured to perform the machine-implementable method for controlling the directional drilling system to directionally drill the borehole through an earth formation as recited in claim 1 .
6. A drill bit direction system for biasing erratic motion of a drill bit to directionally cause a drill bit to drill in a predetermined direction relative to the earth, the drill bit direction system comprising:
a side force generator configured to generate a side force to act on the drill bit;
a biasing mechanism to emphasize components of radial motion of the drill bit in the predetermined direction of the drill bit relative to the earth, wherein the biasing mechanism comprises a gauge pad system that is eccentrically coupled with the drill bit and is configured in use to not rotate in the borehole when the drill bit is being rotated during a drilling procedure;
a direction sensor to determine a direction of the drill bit downhole;
a controller for comparing a predetermined direction with the direction; and
an actuator configured in use to adjust the eccentricity of the biasing mechanism to emphasize components of the radial motion to change the direction of the drill bit to the predetermined direction.
7. The drill bit direction system for biasing erratic motion of the drill bit to directionally cause the drill bit to drill in the predetermined direction relative to the earth as recited in claim 6 , wherein:
the side force generator comprise a drill bit manufactured to exert a rotating side force along some fixed direction relative to the drill bit, and
the biasing mechanism is configured to bias the rotating side force, whereby the drill bit tends to turn toward the predetermined direction.
8. The drill bit direction system for biasing erratic motion of the drill bit to directionally cause the drill bit to drill in the predetermined direction relative to the earth as recited in claim 6 , wherein:
the drill bit is manufactured to exert a rotating side force along some fixed direction relative to the drill bit.
9. The drill bit direction system for biasing erratic motion of the drill bit to directionally cause the drill bit to drill in the predetermined direction relative to the earth as recited in claim 6 , wherein the controller is located downhole.
10. The drill bit direction system for biasing erratic motion of the drill bit to directionally cause the drill bit to drill in the predetermined direction relative to the earth as recited in claim 6 , wherein the predetermined direction is determined on a surface and communicated to the bottom hole assembly.
11. A method for controlling a directional drilling system, the directional drilling system comprising a bottomhole assembly including a drill bit for drilling a borehole, to directionally drill the borehole through an earth formation, comprising:
using the directional drilling system to drill the earth formation, wherein drilling the earth formation comprises rotating the drill bit in the borehole;
applying a side force to the drilling system;
determining directional drilling data for the directional drilling system, wherein the directional drilling data comprises at least one of location of the bottomhole assembly in the earth formation and a direction of drilling of the directional drilling system through the earth formation;
processing the drilling data, properties of the side force being applied to the drilling system and a desired drilling objective to determine a desired drilling direction; and
controlling stochastic motion of the bottomhole assembly to steer the directional drilling system to drill the borehole in the desired drilling direction, wherein the step of controlling the stochastic motion comprises using a gauge pad system that is eccentrically coupled with the drill bit and configured to remain geostationary on the drilling system to control stochastic interactions between the eccentrically coupled gauge pad system and an inner-wall of the borehole, and wherein the controlling stochastic motion of the bottomhole assembly to steer the directional drilling system comprises adjusting the eccentricity of the gauge pad system to change the stochastic interactions between the eccentrically coupled gauge pad system and the inner-wall of the borehole.
12. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the desired drilling objective comprises a desired endpoint for the borehole.
13. The method according to claim 12 , further comprising:
adjusting the desired endpoint during the drilling process.
14. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the desired endpoint is adjusted in response to measurements made in the borehole during the drilling process.
15. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the drilling trajectory is adjusted in response to measurements made in the borehole during the drilling process.
16. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the desired drilling objective comprises a drilling trajectory.
17. The method according to claim 16 , further comprising:
adjusting the drilling trajectory during the drilling process.
18. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the drilling trajectory is determined prior to the drilling procedure.