Sulfonation of conducting polymers and OLED, photovoltaic, and ESD devices
Conducting polymer systems for hole injection or transport layer applications including a composition comprising: a water soluble or water dispersible regioregular polythiophene comprising (i) at least one organic substituent, and (ii) at least one sulfonate substituent comprising sulfonate sulfur bonding directly to the polythiophene backbone. The polythiophene can be water soluble, water dispersible, or water swellable. They can be self-doped. The organic substituent can be an alkoxy substituent, or an alkyl substituent. OLED, PLED, SMOLED, PV, and ESD applications can be used.
1. A composition comprising a sulfonated polythiophene obtained by:
reacting a soluble polythiophene comprising at least one organic substituent with a sulfonation reagent to form a sulfonated polythiophene comprising at least one sulfonate substituent comprising sulfonate sulfur bonding directly to the polythiophene backbone, and
wherein the sulfonated polythiophene has a degree of sulfonation of at least 10%.
2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the sulfonation reagent is sulfuric acid.
3. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the sulfonation reagent is a sulfate compound.
4. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the sulfonated polythiophene has a degree of sulfonation of at least 50%.
5. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the sulfonated polythiophene has a degree of sulfonation of at least 75%.
6. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the sulfonated polythiophene has a degree of sulfonation of 30% to 90%.
7. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the sulfonated polythiophene has a degree of sulfonation of 50% to 90%.
8. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the soluble polythiophene is regioregular.
9. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the soluble polythiophene has a degree of regioregularity of 70% or less.
10. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the soluble polythiophene has a degree of regioregularity of 50% or less.
11. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the soluble polythiophene is a copolymer.
12. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the sulfonate substituent is in salt form comprising a counterion.
13. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the sulfonated polythiophene is doped.
14. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the organic substituent of the soluble polythiophene comprises at least one heteroatom.
15. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the organic substituent of the soluble polythiophene comprises at least one optionally substituted alkoxy group.
16. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the sulfonated polythiophene comprises at least one alkylene glycol substituent.
17. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the sulfonated polythiophene comprises at least one substituent selected from ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol.
18. A composition comprising a sulfonated polythiophene comprising (i) at least one organic substituent, and (ii) at least one sulfonate substituent comprising sulfonate sulfur bonding directly to the polythiophene backbone, wherein the sulfonated polythiophene has a degree of sulfonation of at least 10%.
19. The composition according to claim 18 , wherein the sulfonated polythiophene has a degree of sulfonation of at least 50%.
20. The composition according to claim 18 , wherein the sulfonated polythiophene has a degree of sulfonation of at least 75%.