Precipitation prevention in produced water containing hydrate inhibitors injected downhole
The precipitation of polymeric kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) in stored produced water is prevented or inhibited by incorporating a water immiscible solvent therein having a polarity index greater than about 3. The polymeric KHIs whose precipitation is inhibited or prevented include, but are not limited to, hyperbranched molecules, polyvinylcaprolactam, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the like. Suitable water immiscible solvents include, but are not necessarily limited to, xylene, toluene, kerosene, mineral spirits, trimethylbenzene, cumene, heavy aromatic naphtha, ethylbenzene, polyethylbenzene, naphthalene, and mixtures thereof.
1. A method for inhibiting the precipitation of a polymeric kinetic hydrate inhibitor (KHI) from an aqueous composition containing water and at least one polymeric KHI comprising contacting the aqueous composition with a water immiscible solvent having a polarity index greater than about 3 in an amount effective to inhibit the precipitation of the polymeric KHI, where
the polymeric KHI is selected from the group consisting of polyvinylcaprolactam, polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly(vinylcaprolactam-co-vinylpyrrolidone), polyisopropylmethacrylamide, poly(N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide) (VIMA), poly(VIMA:vinylcaprolactam) copolymer, poly(isobutylacrylamide), hydroxyethyl cellulose and its derivatives, and mixtures thereof, and
the water immiscible solvent is selected from the group consisting of kerosene, mineral spirits, trimethylbenzene, cumene, ethylbenzene, polyethylbenzene, naphthalene, and mixtures thereof, where the amount of water immiscible solvent ranges up to about 5 vol % of the water in the aqueous composition.
2. The method of claim 1 where at least a portion of the water is produced from a subterranean formation in a hydrocarbon recovery operation.
3. The method of claim 1 where the aqueous composition comprising the polymeric KHI, water and the solvent comprises:
a viscosity less than 100 cP,
an aqueous phase pH between about 1 and about 13, and
salinity up to 300,000 mg/L at a temperature in the range between about 85 to about 300° F.
4. A method for storing produced water in a storage facility comprising:
introducing the produced water into the storage facility, where the produced water contains a polymeric KHI selected from the group consisting of polyvinylcaprolactam, polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly(vinylcaprolactam-co-vinylpyrrolidone), polyisopropylmethacrylamide, poly(N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide) (VIMA), poly(VIMA:vinylcaprolactam) copolymer, poly(isobutylacrylamide), hydroxyethyl cellulose and its derivatives, and mixtures thereof; and
contacting the produced water with a water immiscible solvent having a polarity index greater than about 3 in an amount effective to inhibit the precipitation of the polymeric KHI, where the water immiscible solvent is selected from the group consisting of kerosene, mineral spirits, trimethylbenzene, cumene, ethylbenzene, polyethylbenzene, naphthalene, and mixtures thereof, where the amount of water immiscible solvent ranges up to about 5 vol % of the water in the produced water.
5. The method of claim 4 where the storage facility is an underground aquifer.
6. The method of claim 1 where the water in the aqueous composition further comprises at least one salt and is a brine.
7. A method for inhibiting the precipitation of a polymeric kinetic hydrate inhibitor (KHI) from an aqueous composition containing water and at least one polymeric KHI comprising contacting the aqueous composition with a water immiscible solvent having a polarity index greater than about 3 in an amount of up to about 5 vol % of the water in the aqueous composition, where at least a portion of the water is produced from a subterranean formation in a hydrocarbon recovery operation, where the polymeric KHI is selected from the group consisting of polyvinylcaprolactam, polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly(vinylcaprolactam-co-vinylpyrrolidone), polyisopropylmethacrylamide, poly(N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide) (VIMA), poly(VIMA:vinylcaprolactam) copolymer, poly(isobutylacrylamide), hydroxyethyl cellulose and its derivatives, and mixtures thereof, and where the water immiscible solvent is selected from the group consisting of kerosene, mineral spirits, trimethylbenzene, cumene, ethylbenzene, polyethylbenzene, naphthalene, and mixtures thereof.
8. An aqueous composition inhibited against the precipitation of polymeric kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) comprising:
water;
at least one polymeric KHI selected from the group consisting of polyvinylcaprolactam, polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly(vinylcaprolactam-co-vinylpyrrolidone), polyisopropylmethacrylamide, poly(N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide) (VIMA), poly(VIMA:vinylcaprolactam) copolymer, poly(isobutylacrylamide), hydroxyethyl cellulose and its derivatives, and mixtures thereof; and
a water immiscible solvent having a polarity index greater than about 3, in an amount effective to inhibit the precipitation of the polymeric KHI, where the water immiscible solvent is selected from the group consisting of kerosene, mineral spirits, trimethylbenzene, cumene, ethylbenzene, polyethylbenzene, naphthalene, and mixtures thereof, where the amount of water immiscible solvent ranges up to about 5 vol % of the water in the aqueous composition.
9. The composition of claim 8 where at least a portion of the water is produced from a subterranean formation in a hydrocarbon recovery operation.
10. The composition of claim 8 where the aqueous composition comprising the polymeric KHI, water and the solvent comprises:
a viscosity less than 100 cP,
an aqueous phase pH between about 1 and about 13, and
a salinity up to 300,000 mg/L at a temperature in the range between about 100 to about 300 ° F.
11. An underground aquifer comprising the aqueous composition of claim 8 .