Immersed reflective polarizer with angular confinement in selected planes of incidence
A film construction ( 330 ) includes a broad band reflective polarizing film ( 312 ) that may be immersed in an ultra low refractive index medium ( 332, 334 ). The reflecting polarizing film is characterized by a pass axis and a block axis, and its reflectivity for white light of the pass state polarization increases with increasing incidence angle to provide a compressed or narrowed viewing cone selectively in one plane of incidence. In some embodiments, the plane of incidence associated with the compressed viewing cone is aligned with the pass axis. In other embodiments it is aligned with the block axis.
1. A film construction, comprising:
a plurality of microlayers configured to selectively transmit and reflect light as a function of the light's angle of incidence and polarization over a wavelength region including visible wavelengths, the microlayers defining a pass axis for normally incident visible light of a first polarization and a block axis for normally incident visible light of a second polarization, the microlayers also characterized by (a) increased reflectivity for a first light of the first polarization incident at oblique angles in a first plane of incidence so as to transmit the first light in a compressed viewing cone, and (b) reflectivity at oblique angles for a second light of the first polarization incident in a second plane of incidence that does not substantially increase so as to transmit the second light in a broad viewing cone; and
an optically thick low index layer having a refractive index over visible wavelengths in a range from 1.1 to 1.3 coupled to the microlayers.
2. The construction of claim 1 , wherein the first light is p-polarized visible light, and the second light is s-polarized visible light.
3. The construction of claim 1 , wherein the first light is s-polarized visible light, and the second light is p-polarized visible light.
4. The construction of claim 1 , further comprising a linear prismatic film.
5. The construction of claim 4 , wherein each prism of the prismatic film extends along a prism axis, and wherein the prism axis is substantially aligned with the first plane of incidence.
6. The construction of claim 4 , wherein each prism of the prismatic film extends along a prism axis, and wherein the prism axis is substantially aligned with the second plane of incidence.
7. A film construction, comprising:
a plurality of microlayers configured to selectively transmit and reflect light as a function of the light's angle of incidence and polarization over a wavelength region including visible wavelengths, the microlayers defining a pass axis for normally incident visible light of a first polarization and a block axis for normally incident visible light of a second polarization, the microlayers also characterized by (a) increased reflectivity at oblique angles for s-polarized light of the first polarization so as to transmit visible light of the first polarization, incident in a first plane containing the block axis, in a compressed viewing cone, and (b) reflectivity at oblique angles for p-polarized light of the first polarization that does not substantially increase so as to transmit visible light of the first polarization, incident in a second plane containing the pass axis, in a broad viewing cone; and
an optically thick low index layer having a refractive index over visible wavelengths in a range from 1.1 to 1.3 coupled to the microlayers.
8. A film construction according to claim 7 , further comprising:
a prismatic brightness enhancement film disposed to receive light from, and/or transmit light to, the optically thick low index layer, the film being adapted to provide a compressed viewing cone for light incident in the second plane.
9. A film construction according to claim 7 , further comprising:
a brightness enhancement film disposed to receive light from, and/or transmit light to, the optically thick low index layer, the film having a structured surface defining elongated prisms, each prism extending along a prism axis that is substantially parallel to the first plane.