Apparatus and method for shielding a thrust reverser structure from engine heat
View Patent ↗A heat-resistant apparatus comprising a plurality of rigid, fireproof panels mounted to an inner surface of an inner fixed structure (IFS) of an aircraft thrust reverser. The plurality of panels may include fixed panels and floating panels, with the fixed panels fastened directly to the IFS and the floating panels fastened to the fixed panels in a substantially checkered arrangement along the inner surface of the IFS. The fixed and floating panels may each comprise a rigid core surrounded by various fireproof or heat resistant materials. The fixed and floating panels may be configured and affixed to the IFS such that air from an engine's fan may flow through a space between the panels and the IFS, providing additional cooling and heat resistance.
1. A heat-resistant apparatus for an aircraft engine nacelle, the apparatus comprising:
a plurality of fixed panels that are rigid and configured to be attached to an inner surface of an internal fixed structure (IFS) of a thrust reverser such that at least a portion of the fixed panels are spaced a distance away from the inner surface of the IFS such that air flows between the fixed panels and the IFS, each of the fixed panels having an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein at least one of the inner surface and the outer surface of each of the fixed panels is substantially fireproof; and
a plurality of floating panels that are rigid and configured to be attached to the inner surface of at least one of the fixed panels, each of the floating panels having an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein at least one of the inner surface and the outer surface of each of the floating panels is substantially fireproof,
wherein each of the floating panels is attached to at least one of the fixed panels,
wherein the fixed panels and the floating panels each comprise a honeycomb core and layers of at least one of heat-resistant material and composite material.
2. The heat-resistant apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a plurality of holes are formed into at least a portion of the fixed panels proximate a forward edge and an aft edge, such that air may flow in a substantially forward-to-aft direction between the IFS and the fixed panels.
3. The heat-resistant apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising the IFS, wherein the fixed panels are attached to the IFS and the floating panels are attached to the fixed panels.
4. The heat-resistant apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the IFS has at least one hole extending from an outer surface of the IFS to the inner surface of the IFS, such that air on an outer side of the IFS flows into a space between the floating panels or the fixed panels and the IFS.
5. The heat-resistant apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising fasteners configured for attaching the fixed panels to the IFS, wherein the floating panels are fixed to the inner surface of the fixed panels and are positioned such that the floating panels cover the fasteners.
6. The heat-resistant apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising
fasteners, at least some of which attach the fixed panels and the floating panels with each other and at least some of which are configured for attaching the fixed panels with the IFS; and
one or more fastener covers that are substantially heat resistant, wrap around an edge of at least one of the floating panels, and substantially cover at least one of the fasteners.
7. The heat-resistant apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a fire seal positioned at or proximate to edges of the fixed panels and the floating panels to substantially seal any gaps between the fixed panels and the floating panels.
8. The heat-resistant apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising oval-shaped bushings embedded within one or more of the fixed panels or the floating panels and configured for receiving fasteners for attaching the fixed panels or the floating panels with at least one of each other and the IFS.
9. A heat-resistant apparatus comprising
a plurality of fixed panels that are rigid and each have an inner surface, an outer surface, a forward edge, and an aft edge, each of the fixed panels having a plurality of holes formed proximate the forward edge and the aft edge, wherein at least one of the inner surface and the outer surface of each of the fixed panels is substantially fireproof; and
a plurality of floating panels that are rigid and each have an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein at least one of the inner surface and the outer surface of each of the floating panels is substantially fireproof,
wherein the fixed panels are configured to be attached to an inner surface of an internal fixed structure (IFS) of a thrust reverser such that at least a portion of the fixed panels and the floating panels are spaced a distance away from the inner surface of the IFS, such that air flows between the panels and the IFS,
wherein the floating panels are attached to the fixed panels in an alternating, checkered configuration proximate edges of the fixed and floating panels, such that at least a portion of the floating panels overlap at least a portion of the holes of the fixed panels, and such that the floating panels do not make physical contact with the IFS when the fixed panels are attached to the IFS,
wherein the fixed panels and the floating panels each comprise a honeycomb core and layers of at least one of heat-resistant material and composite material.
10. The heat-resistant apparatus of claim 9 , further comprising the IFS, wherein the fixed panels are attached to the IFS and the floating panels are attached to the fixed panels.
11. The heat-resistant apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the IFS further comprises at least one hole extending from an outer surface of the IFS to the inner surface of the IFS, such that air outward of the IFS flows into a space between the fixed panels and the floating panels and the IFS in a substantially forward-to-aft direction.
12. The heat-resistant apparatus of claim 9 , further comprising fasteners for attaching the fixed panels to the IFS, wherein the floating panels are fixed to the inner surface of the fixed panels and are positioned such that the floating panels cover the fasteners.
13. The heat-resistant apparatus of claim 9 , further comprising
one or more fasteners for attaching the fixed panels and the floating panels with each other and with the IFS; and
one or more fastener covers configured to be substantially heat resistant and to wrap around an edge of at least one of the fixed panels and the floating panels and substantially cover at least one of the fasteners.
14. The heat-resistant apparatus of claim 9 , further comprising a fire seal positioned at or proximate to edges of the fixed panels and the floating panels to substantially seal any gaps between the fixed panels and the floating panels.
15. The heat-resistant apparatus of claim 9 , further comprising oval-shaped bushings embedded within one or more of the fixed panels and the floating panels and configured for receiving fasteners for attaching the fixed panels and the floating panels with at least one of each other and the IFS.
16. A method of forming and installing a heat-shielding apparatus into an aircraft thrust reverser, the method comprising:
forming a plurality of rigid honeycomb cores;
bonding a plurality of layers of materials, including at least one heat-resistant material, onto the plurality of honeycomb cores to form a plurality of fixed panels and a plurality of floating panels;
attaching the plurality of floating panels to a heat-resistant surface of the plurality of fixed panels; and
attaching the plurality of fixed panels to an internal fixed structure of the thrust reverser between an engine and the internal fixed structure in a configuration such that air flows from a fan duct outward of the internal fixed structure into a space between the fixed panels and the floating panels and the internal fixed structure.
17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising forming a plurality of holes in the fixed panels proximate a forward and an aft edge of each of the fixed panels such that the holes are positioned between the floating panels and the internal fixed structure.
18. The method of claim 17 , further comprising forming at least one hole extending from an outer surface of the internal fixed structure to an inner surface of the internal fixed structure, such that air on an outer side of the internal fixed structure flows into the space between the fixed panels and the floating panels and the IFS in a substantially forward-to-aft direction.