Thermoplastic polymer powder
A method of modifying a thermoplastic polymer powder. A suspension of thermoplastic polymer powder and reinforcement elements in a liquid is heated within a reaction chamber so that the thermoplastic polymer powder becomes softened and the reinforcement elements migrate into the softened thermoplastic polymer powder to form modified thermoplastic polymer powder. The modified thermoplastic polymer powder is then separated from the liquid. The reinforcement elements have an electromagnetic moment and are subjected to an electromagnetic field as the suspension is heated. The interaction of the electromagnetic field with the electromagnetic moment of the reinforcement elements causes the reinforcement elements to become aligned with the electromagnetic field before they migrate into the powder.
1. A method for producing modified thermoplastic polymer powder particles comprising aligned reinforcement elements, the method comprising:
feeding a liquid suspension comprising reinforcement elements and thermoplastic polymer powder into a reaction chamber, the reinforcement elements having an electromagnetic moment;
heating the suspension within the reaction chamber so as to soften the thermoplastic polymer powder and cause the reinforcement elements to migrate into the softened powder, thereby forming modified thermoplastic polymer powder;
irradiating an electromagnetic field to the suspension within the reaction chamber during said heating, an interaction of the electromagnetic field with the electromagnetic moment of the reinforcement elements causing the reinforcement elements to align with the electromagnetic field before said migrating into the softened powder; and
separating the modified powder from the liquid,
wherein the reaction chamber has an inlet and an outlet, the method operating continuously by simultaneously feeding the liquid suspension into the reaction chamber via the inlet and discharging a liquid suspension of the modified powder from the reaction chamber via the outlet during said heating and irradiating.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer powder is mixed with the reinforcement elements in a mixing chamber before said feeding into the reaction chamber.
3. The method of claim 2 further comprising agitating the thermoplastic polymer powder and the reinforcement elements in the mixing chamber.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein said agitating is conducted via ultrasound.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said irradiating is by a coil surrounding the reaction chamber.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the coil also provides said heating.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the field has a strength greater than 10 kV/m.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein said separating occurs after said discharging.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the field has a strength greater than 16 kV/m.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the field has a frequency between 10 −3 Hz and 10 5 Hz.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the modified particles have an interphase region loaded with the reinforcement elements and a core substantially free of the reinforcement elements.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the modified particles comprise the reinforcement elements embedded entirely within a surface region thereof.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the modified particles comprise some of the reinforcement elements embedded entirely within a surface region thereof and some of the reinforcement elements embedded partially within the surface region.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein a temperature and pressure of the reaction chamber are chosen so that the boiling point of the liquid is slightly above the melting point of the thermoplastic polymer powder.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid suspension is fed into the reaction chamber as a homogenized suspension.