Charge apparatus and electric vehicle including the same
A charging apparatus and an electric vehicle including the same are disclosed. The charging apparatus includes a rectifier to rectify input alternating current (AC) power in a charging mode, an interleaved buck-boost converter to convert the rectified power into direct current (DC) power to supply the converted DC power to a battery, the interleaved buck-boost converter including a plurality of buck-boost converters, and a converter controller to control the interleaved buck-boost converter, wherein a first buck-boost converter of the interleaved buck-boost converter includes a first buck switching element connected to the rectifier, a first boost switching element, an inductor connected between the first buck switching element and the first boost switching element, a first diode connected in parallel between the first buck switching element and the inductor, and a second diode connected between the first boost switching element and an output of the interleaved buck-boost converter.
1. A charging apparatus, comprising:
a rectifier to rectify input alternating current (AC) power in a charging mode;
an interleaved buck-boost converter to convert the rectified power into direct current (DC) power to supply the converted DC power to a battery, the interleaved buck-boost converter including a plurality of buck-boost converters; and
a converter controller to control the interleaved buck-boost converter,
wherein a first buck-boost converter of the interleaved buck-boost converter includes,
a first buck switching element connected to the rectifier,
a first boost switching element,
a first inductor connected between the first buck switching element and the first boost switching element,
a first diode connected in parallel between the first buck switching element and the first inductor, and
a second diode connected between the first boost switching element and an output of the interleaved buck-boost converter.
2. The charging apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of buck-boost converters performs an interleaving operation, and a turn-on timing of the first buck switching element and a turn-on timing of a second buck switching element in a second buck-boost converter of the interleaved buck-boost converter partially overlap in a buck mode or a buck-boost mode.
3. The charging apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the first buck-boost converter commonly uses the first inductor during operation in a buck mode and operation in a boost mode.
4. The charging apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the converter controller adjusts a turn-on duty of the first buck switching element to control an output voltage generated from the first buck-boost converter and adjusts a turn-on duty of the first boost switching element to control power factor of an output voltage or an output current generated from the first buck-boost converter.
5. The charging apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the converter controller adjusts a turn-on duty of each buck switching element in the plurality of buck-boost converters to control output voltages generated from the plurality of buck-boost converters and adjusts a turn-on duty of each boost switching element in the plurality of buck-boost converters to control each power factor of output voltages or output currents generated from the plurality of buck-boost converters.
6. The charging apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a first capacitor connected to an output of the rectifier
a second capacitor connected to the output of the interleaved buck-boost converter;
an input voltage detector to detect an output voltage of the rectifier;
an output voltage detector to detect an output voltage of the interleaved buck-boost converter; and
a current detector to detect current flowing into each inductor in the plurality of buck-boost converters of the interleaved buck-boost converter.
7. The charging apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein, in a buck mode or a buck-boost mode, the first buck switching element and the first boost switching element are independently operated and a second buck switching element and a second boost switching element in a second buck-boost converter connected in parallel to the first buck-boost converter are independently operated.
8. The charging apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the converter controller determines a turn-on duty of the first buck switching element in the first buck-boost converter and a turn-on duty of a second buck switching element in a second buck-boost converter connected in parallel with the first buck-boost converter, based on an output voltage of the interleaved buck-boost converter and a target output voltage.
9. The charging apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the converter controller determines
a turn-on duty of the first boost switching element, based on an output voltage of the interleaved buck-boost converter, a target output voltage, an input voltage of the interleaved buck-boost converter, and current flowing into the first inductor in the first buck-boost converter, and
a turn-on duty of a second boost switching element in a second buck-boost converter connected in parallel with the first buck-boost converter, based on the output voltage of the interleaved buck-boost converter, the target output voltage, the input voltage of the interleaved buck-boost converter, and current flowing into a second inductor in the second buck-boost converter.
10. The charging apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a second buck-boost converter connected in parallel with the first buck-boost converter includes:
a second boost switching element
a second buck switching element connected to the rectifier,
a second inductor connected between the second buck switching element and the second boost switching element,
a third diode connected in parallel between the second buck switching element and the second inductor, and
a fourth diode connected between the second boost switching element and the output of the interleaved buck-boost converter.
11. The charging apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the other converters, except for the first buck-boost converter among the plurality of buck-boost converters, have the same configuration as the first buck-boost converter and are connected in parallel with the first buck-boost converter.
12. An electric vehicle, comprising:
a battery;
a motor;
an inverter to convert direct current (DC) power provided from the battery into alternating current (AC) power to drive the motor, in a motor operation mode; and
a charging apparatus including a rectifier to rectify input AC power in a charging mode, an interleaved buck-boost converter to convert the rectified power into DC power to supply the converted DC power to the battery, the interleaved buck-boost converter including a plurality of buck-boost converters, and a converter controller to control the interleaved buck-boost converter,
wherein a first buck-boost converter of the interleaved buck-boost converter includes,
a first buck switching element connected to the rectifier,
a first boost switching element,
a first inductor connected between the first buck switching element and the first boost switching element,
a first diode connected in parallel between the first buck switching element and the first inductor, and
a second diode connected between the first boost switching element and an output of the interleaved buck-boost converter.
13. The electric vehicle according to claim 12 , wherein the converter controller adjusts a turn-on duty of the first buck switching element to control an output voltage generated from the interleaved buck-boost converter and adjusts a turn-on duty of the first boost switching element to control power factor of an output voltage or an output current generated from the interleaved buck-boost converter.
14. The electric vehicle according to claim 12 , wherein the charging apparatus further includes:
a first capacitor connected to an output of the rectifier
a second capacitor connected to the output of the interleaved buck-boost converter;
an input voltage detector to detect an output voltage of the rectifier;
an output voltage detector to detect an output voltage of the interleaved buck-boost converter; and
a current detector to detect current flowing into each inductor in the plurality of buck-boost converters of the interleaved buck-boost converter.
15. The electric vehicle according to claim 12 , wherein, in a buck mode or a buck-boost mode of the charging apparatus, the first buck switching element and the first boost switching element in the first buck-boost converter are independently operated and a second buck switching element and a second boost switching element in a second buck-boost converter connected in parallel to the first buck-boost converter are independently operated.
16. The electric vehicle according to claim 12 , wherein the converter controller determines
a turn-on duty of the first boost switching element, based on an output voltage of the interleaved buck-boost converter, a target output voltage, an input voltage of the interleaved buck-boost converter, and current flowing into the first inductor in the first buck-boost converter, and
a turn-on duty of a second boost switching element in a second buck-boost converter connected in parallel with the first buck-boost converter, based on the output voltage of the interleaved buck-boost converter, the target output voltage, the input voltage of the interleaved buck-boost converter, and current flowing into a second inductor in the second buck-boost converter.
17. The electric vehicle according to claim 12 , further comprising:
an inverter controller to control the inverter,
wherein the inverter controller includes,
a speed calculator to calculate speed information of a rotor of the motor, based on detection current flowing into the motor or a position signal of the rotor of the motor,
a current command generator to generate a current command value based on the speed information and a speed command value,
a voltage command generator to generate a voltage command value based on the current command value and the detection current; and
a switching control signal generator to generate a switching control signal to drive the inverter based on the voltage command value.