Removing amines from hydrocarbon streams
Corrosive amine salts in hydrocarbon streams such as desalted crude oil streams can be prevented or avoided by adding certain amine scavenging chemicals to the streams to remove the amines therefrom. Suitable amine scavengers include, but are not necessarily limited to, carboxylic anhydrides and copolymers of carboxylic anhydrides, aromatic anhydrides, isocyanates, polyisocyanates, and epoxides. The non-corrosive reaction products of the amines and/or ammonia with these scavengers are preferably oil-soluble, non-basic and thermally stable. The amine scavengers bind up and react with the amines and/or ammonia to keep them from reacting with materials such as acids (e.g. HCl) to form corrosive amine salts.
1. A treated hydrocarbon stream having a nitrogen compound at least partially removed therefrom comprising:
a hydrocarbon stream containing, prior to the addition of an amine scavenger thereto, at least one nitrogen compound selected from the group consisting of ammonia and volatile amine capable of forming a corrosive reaction product;
an amine scavenger in an amount effective to at least partially remove the nitrogen compound, where the amine scavenger is selected from the group consisting of:
carboxylic anhydrides selected from the group consisting of maleic anhydride, succinic anhydride, glutaric anhydride, tetrapropylene succinic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride (oil soluble, non-basic), and mixtures thereof; copolymers comprising a carboxylic anhydride selected from the group consisting of maleic anhydride, succinic anhydride, glutaric anhydride, tetrapropylene succinic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, and mixtures thereof, and mixtures of these anhydrides,
isocyanates and polyisocyanates, and
epoxides;
where the amine scavenger has an absence of a reaction product of a hydrocarbyl succinic anhydride and an amine; and
at least one non-corrosive reaction product of the amine scavenger with the nitrogen compound;
where the amount of free nitrogen compound in the hydrocarbon stream is reduced as compared to an otherwise identical stream having an absence of amine scavenger.
2. The treated hydrocarbon stream of claim 1 where the at least one non-corrosive reaction product is oil-soluble, non-basic and thermally stable.
3. The treated hydrocarbon stream of claim 1 where the effective amount of amine scavenger is at least approximately stoichiometrically functionally equivalent to the nitrogen compound present in the hydrocarbon stream.
4. The treated hydrocarbon stream of claim 1 where the effective amount of amine scavenger is greater than 100 ppm based on the hydrocarbon.
5. The treated hydrocarbon stream of claim 1 where the hydrocarbon stream is a desalted crude oil stream.
6. The treated hydrocarbon stream of claim 1 where the amine scavenger has a molecular weight greater than 2,500.
7. A treated hydrocarbon stream having a nitrogen compound at least partially removed therefrom comprising:
a hydrocarbon stream containing, prior to the addition of an amine scavenger thereto, at least one nitrogen compound selected from the group consisting of ammonia and volatile amine capable of forming a corrosive reaction product;
an amine scavenger having a molecular weight greater than 2,500 in an amount effective to at least partially remove the nitrogen compound where the amine scavenger is selected from the group consisting of:
carboxylic anhydrides and copolymers of carboxylic anhydrides, aromatic anhydrides, and mixtures of these anhydrides,
isocyanates and polyisocyanates, and
epoxides;
where the amine scavenger has an absence of a reaction product of a hydrocarbyl succinic anhydride and an amine; and
at least one non-corrosive reaction product of the amine scavenger with the nitrogen compound, where the at least one non-corrosive reaction product is oil-soluble, non-basic and thermally stable;
where the amount of free nitrogen compound in the hydrocarbon stream is reduced as compared to an otherwise identical stream having an absence of amine scavenger.
8. The treated hydrocarbon stream of claim 7 where the effective amount of amine scavenger is greater than 100 ppm based on the hydrocarbon.
9. The treated hydrocarbon stream of claim 7 where the hydrocarbon stream is a desalted crude oil stream.
10. A treated desalted crude oil stream having a nitrogen compound at least partially removed therefrom comprising:
a desalted crude oil stream containing, prior to the addition of an amine scavenger thereto, at least one nitrogen compound selected from the group consisting of ammonia and volatile amine capable of forming a corrosive reaction product;
an amine scavenger in an amount greater than 100 ppm based on the desalted crude oil stream, where the amine scavenger is selected from the group consisting of:
carboxylic anhydrides selected from the group consisting of maleic anhydride, succinic anhydride, glutaric anhydride, tetrapropylene succinic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride (oil soluble, non-basic), and mixtures thereof; and
copolymers of carboxylic anhydrides selected from the group consisting of maleic anhydride, succinic anhydride, glutaric anhydride, tetrapropylene succinic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, and mixtures thereof, and mixtures of these anhydrides,
isocyanates and polyisocyanates, and
epoxides;
where the amine scavenger has an absence of a reaction product of a hydrocarbyl succinic anhydride and an amine; and
at least one non-corrosive reaction product of the amine scavenger with the nitrogen compound;
where the amount of free nitrogen compound in the desalted crude oil stream is reduced as compared to an otherwise identical stream having an absence of amine scavenger.
11. The treated desalted crude oil stream of claim 10 where the at least one non-corrosive reaction product is oil-soluble, non-basic and thermally stable.
12. The treated desalted crude oil stream of claim 10 where the effective amount of amine scavenger is at least approximately stoichiometrically functionally equivalent to the nitrogen compound present in the hydrocarbon stream.
13. The treated desalted crude oil stream of claim 10 where the amine scavenger has a molecular weight greater than 2,500.