Polarizing plate and liquid crystal display apparatus including the same
A polarizing plate includes a polarizer, a retardation film on a first side (e.g., a lower side) of the polarizer, and a protective film on a second side (e.g., an upper side) of the polarizer. The retardation film has an axis distortion angle between a fast axis of the retardation film and an absorption axis of the polarizer of about +0.03° to less than +0.2°. The protective film has an in-plane phase difference (Ro) of greater than about 10,000 nm and about 15,000 nm or less at a wavelength of 550 nm. A liquid crystal display apparatus includes the polarizing plate.
1. A polarizing plate comprising:
a polarizer;
a retardation film on a first side of the polarizer; and
a protective film on a second side of the polarizer,
wherein an axis distortion angle between a fast axis of the retardation film and an absorption axis of the polarizer is about +0.05° to about +0.15°, and the protective film has an in-plane phase difference (Ro) of greater than about 10,000 nm to about 15,000 nm or less at a wavelength of 550 nm.
2. The polarizing plate according to claim 1 , wherein the protective film is a polyethylene terephthalate film.
3. The polarizing plate according to claim 1 , wherein the protective film is a surface-modified protective film.
4. The polarizing plate according to claim 1 , wherein the retardation film has an in-plane retardation (Re) of about 0 nm to about 80 nm at a wavelength of 550 nm, wherein the in-plane retardation (Re) is represented by Equation 3:
Re =( nx−ny )× d Equation 3
wherein nx is a refractive index at a wavelength of 550 nm in an x-axis direction of the retardation film, ny is a refractive index at a wavelength of 550 nm in a y-axis direction of the retardation film, and d is a thickness of the retardation film in nm.
5. The polarizing plate according to claim 1 , wherein the retardation film has an out-of-plane retardation (Rth) of about 0 nm to about 200 nm at a wavelength of 550 nm, wherein the out-of-plane retardation (Rth) is represented by Equation 4:
Rth =(( nx+ny )/2 −nz )× d Equation 4
wherein nx is a refractive index at a wavelength of 550 nm in an x-axis direction of the retardation film, ny is a refractive index at a wavelength of 550 nm in a y-axis direction of the retardation film, and nz is a refractive index at a wavelength of 550 nm in a z-axis direction of the retardation film, and d is a thickness of the retardation film in nm.
6. The polarizing plate according to claim 1 , wherein the retardation film has a degree of biaxiality (Nz) of about 1 to about 5 at a wavelength of 550 nm, wherein the degree of biaxiality (Nz) is represented by Equation 5:
Nz =( nx−nz )/( nx−ny ) Equation 5
wherein nx is a refractive index at a wavelength of 550 nm in an x-axis direction of the retardation film, ny is a refractive index at a wavelength of 550 nm in a y-axis direction of the retardation film, and nz is a refractive index at a wavelength of 550 nm in a z-axis direction of the retardation film.
7. The polarizing plate according to claim 1 , wherein the retardation film comprises a material selected from the group consisting of celluloses, cycloolefin polymers (COPs), polynorbornene resins, polycarbonate resins, polyester resins, polyether sulfone resins, polysulfone resins, polyamide resins, polyimide resins, polyolefin resins, polyacrylate resins, polyvinyl alcohol resins, polyvinyl chloride resins, polyvinylidene chloride resins, and combinations thereof.
8. A liquid crystal display apparatus comprising the polarizing plate according to claim 1 .