Polyhydroxyalkanoate derivatives, preparation and uses thereof
Provided herein are methods that utilize polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) as a substrate for further conversion to C4 and C5 compounds. Polyhydroxyalkanoates can undergo esterification to yield alkyl hydroxyalkanoates and alkyl alkenoates, which may serve as useful precursors in the production of alkadienes and alkenedioic acids, including for example butadiene and butenedioic acid.
1. A method, comprising contacting a polyhydroxyalkanoate with an alcohol to convert at least a portion of the polyhydroxyalkanoate to an alkyl hydroxyalkanoate, wherein:
(i) the alcohol is a critical alcohol, a supercritical alcohol or a near-critical alcohol; or
(ii) the method further comprises heating the polyhydroxyalkanoate and the alcohol to critical, supercritical or near-critical conditions to produce the alkyl hydroxyalkanoate; or
both (i) and (ii).
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polyhydroxyalkanoate is contacted with the alcohol at a temperature between 150° C. and 350° C.; and at a pressure between 500 psi and 3000 psi.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polyhydroxyalkanoate and the alcohol are further contacted with a solvent, a base, or both a solvent and a base, to convert at least a portion of the polyhydroxyalkanoate to the alkyl hydroxyalkanoate.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the solvent comprises an organic solvent.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the solvent comprises chloroform, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetonitrile, acetone, acetic acid, dioxane, diglyme, dioxin, tetrahydrofuran, pentane, hexane, heptane, benzene, toluene, xylene, trimethylbenzene, ethylbenzene, methylethylbenzene, or hexofluoroisopropanol, or a mixture thereof.
6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the base is selected from the group consisting of an organic base, a carbonate salt, an oxide salt, a hydroxide salt, and a buffer, or a combination thereof.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alcohol is selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol and hexanol.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alkyl hydroxyalkanoate is alkyl 3-hydroxyalkanoate.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the alkyl 3-hydroxyalkanoate is methyl 3-hydroxybutanoate.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the
polyhydroxyalkanoate is selected from the group consisting of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB),
polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV), polyhydroxybutyratevalerate (PHBV), and
polyhydroxyhexanoate (PHH), or a combination thereof.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising converting at least a portion of the alkyl hydroxyalkanoate produced to an alkanediol.
12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising converting at least a portion of the alkanediol to an alkadiene.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the
polyhydroxyalkanoate is converted to an alkyl hydroxyalkanoate, and
the method further comprises converting at least a portion of the alkyl hydroxyalkanoate to an alkadiene.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alcohol is methanol, and wherein at least a portion of the polyhydroxyalkanoate is converted to methyl 3-hydroxybutanoate, and
the method further comprises:
converting at least a portion of the methyl 3-hydroxybutanoate to butanediol; and
converting at least a portion of the butanediol to butadiene.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alcohol is methanol.