Endoscope small imaging system
An endoscope camera, including a cylindrical enclosure having an enclosure diameter, and an imaging array mounted within the enclosure so that a plane face of the imaging array is parallel to the enclosure diameter. The camera includes a right-angle transparent prism having a rectangular entrance face, an exit face, and an hypotenuse configured to reflect radiation from the entrance face to the exit face. The entrance face has a first edge longer than a second edge, and the prism is mounted within the enclosure so that the first edge is parallel to the enclosure diameter and so that the exit face mates with the plane face of the imaging array. The camera further includes optics, configured to receive incoming radiation from an object, which are mounted so as to transmit the incoming radiation to the imaging array via the entrance and exit faces of the prism.
1. An endoscope camera, comprising:
a cylindrical enclosure having an enclosure diameter;
a rectangular array of imaging pixels formed on a planar substrate acting as a supporting frame for the array, which has a first side of a first length and a second side of a second length, wherein the first length is longer than the second length, and the array is mounted within the enclosure so that a plane face of the array is parallel to the enclosure diameter;
a right-angle transparent prism having a rectangular entrance face, an exit face, and an hypotenuse configured to reflect radiation from the entrance face to the exit face, the entrance face having a first edge of the first length and a second edge of the second length, the prism being mounted within the enclosure so that the first edge is parallel to the enclosure diameter with the exit face cemented to the plane face of the array; and
anamorphic optics, configured to receive incoming radiation from an object, mounted so as to transmit the incoming radiation to the array via the entrance and exit faces of the prism and to form an image on the array that is distorted responsively to an aspect ratio of the exit face.
2. The endoscope camera according to claim 1 , wherein the optics comprise gradient-index (GRIN) optics.
3. The endoscope camera according to claim 1 , wherein the optics have a circular cross-section.
4. The endoscope camera according to claim 1 , wherein the optics focus the incoming radiation to have a first magnification and a second magnification orthogonal to and different from the first magnification.
5. The endoscope camera according to claim 4 , wherein an optics-ratio of the first magnification to the second magnification is responsive to a prism-ratio of the first edge to the second edge.
6. The endoscope camera according to claim 4 , wherein a ratio of the first magnification to the second magnification is responsive to an aspect ratio of an object imaged by the camera.
7. The endoscope camera according to claim 1 , and comprising a processor which applies an un-distortion factor to the distorted image so as to produce an undistorted image of the object.
8. The endoscope camera according to claim 7 , wherein the processor is configured to apply the un-distortion factor as a numerical factor.
9. The endoscope camera according to claim 1 , wherein the right-angle transparent prism comprises an isosceles prism.
10. The endoscope camera according to claim 1 , wherein the array is mounted so that an axis of the cylindrical enclosure is parallel to the plane face of the array.
11. A method for forming an endoscope camera, comprising:
providing a cylindrical enclosure having an enclosure diameter;
mounting a rectangular array of imaging pixels formed on a planar substrate acting as a supporting frame for the array, which has a first side of a first length and a second side of a second length, wherein the first length is longer than the second length, and the array is mounted within the enclosure so that a plane face of the array is parallel to the enclosure diameter;
mounting a right-angle transparent prism within the enclosure, the prism having a rectangular entrance face, an exit face, and an hypotenuse configured to reflect radiation from the entrance face to the exit face, the entrance face having a first edge of the first length and a second edge of the second length, the prism being mounted within the enclosure so that the first edge is parallel to the enclosure diameter with the exit face cemented to the plane face of the imaging array;
configuring anamorphic optics to receive incoming radiation from an object and to form an image on the array that is distorted responsively to an aspect ratio of the exit face; and
mounting the optics so as to transmit the incoming radiation to the array via the entrance and exit faces of the prism.
12. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the optics comprise gradient-index (GRIN) optics.
13. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the optics have a circular cross-section.
14. The method according to claim 11 , and comprising the optics focusing the incoming radiation to have a first magnification and a second magnification orthogonal to and different from the first magnification.
15. The method according to claim 14 , and comprising determining an optics-ratio of the first magnification to the second magnification in response to a prism-ratio of the first edge to the second edge.
16. The method according to claim 14 , and comprising determining a ratio of the first magnification to the second magnification is response to an aspect ratio of an object imaged by the camera.
17. The method according to claim 14 , and comprising applying an un-distortion factor to the distorted image so as to produce an undistorted image of the object.
18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the un-distortion factor is a numerical factor.
19. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the right-angle transparent prism comprises an isosceles prism.
20. The method according to claim 11 , and comprising mounting the array so that an axis of the cylindrical enclosure is parallel to the plane face of the array.