Engineered packing for heat exchange and systems and methods constructing the same
An apparatus includes an inlet, an outlet, and a sheet disposed proximate a heat transfer surface, wherein the sheet is oriented in a sheet plane that is displaced from a plane of the heat transfer surface by an angle of at least 10 degrees. The apparatus also includes a plurality of tabs attached to the sheet, the tabs lying in respective tab planes, wherein the tab planes and the sheet plane intersect forming respective intersections. The intersections of the tab planes and the sheet plane are substantially parallel. The intersections of the tab planes and the sheet plane are at an angle of less than 88° to the heat transfer surface, and the plurality of tabs collectively form channels directing a fluid passing from the inlet to the outlet to impinge the heat transfer surface.
1. An apparatus providing enhanced heat transfer, the apparatus comprising:
an inlet;
an outlet;
a plurality of distinct sheets disposed proximate respective portions of an inner surface of a tube having a length, each of the plurality of sheets being displaced and oriented in a respective sheet plane that is substantially parallel to the length of the tube; and
a plurality of tabs attached to the plurality of sheets, the tabs lying in respective tab planes, wherein:
each respective tab plane and a corresponding sheet plane intersect forming respective intersections;
the tabs are tapered in width from the intersection and substantially bridge the gap between adjacent sheets from one end of the tab to the other;
the intersections of the tab planes and the corresponding sheet planes are substantially parallel;
the intersections of the tab planes and the corresponding sheet planes are at an angle of less than 88° to the length of the tube; and
the plurality of tabs collectively form channels directing a fluid passing from the inlet to the outlet to impinge a heat transfer surface defined along the length of the tube.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the plurality of tabs are attached only to the sheets.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the plurality of tabs are formed by blanking and folding defined portions from the sheets.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sheet planes are substantially perpendicular to a heat transfer surface defined along the length of the tube.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the tab planes are substantially parallel to each other.
6. the apparatus of claim 1 wherein angles between the intersections and a heat transfer surface defined along the length of the tube are less than 70°.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one of a tube wall and a plate define a heat transfer surface along the length of the tube.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one of the plurality of sheets and the plurality of tabs are coated with a catalyst.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein the apparatus comprises a steam methane reformer.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein each sheet plane is oriented at an angle with respect to a corresponding adjacent sheet plane.