Tip overlay for continuous flow spotting apparatus
The present disclosure provides apparatuses, systems, and methods involving a spotter apparatus for depositing a substance from a carrier fluid onto a deposition surface in an ordered array, the spotter apparatus comprising a loading surface including a first well and a second well; and a different outlet surface, including a first opening and a second opening, where a first microconduit fluidly couples the first well with the first opening and a second microconduit fluidly couples the second well with the second opening. An overlay is sealed to the outlet surface and penetrated by a deposition channel that is situated to communicate carrier fluid among the first opening, the second opening, and the deposition surface when the overlay is pressed against the deposition surface.
1. A spotter apparatus for depositing a substance from a carrier fluid onto a deposition surface in the form of a deposition spot, the spotter apparatus, comprising:
a) a loading surface including a first well and a second well;
b) an outlet surface, different than the loading surface, including a first opening and a second opening;
c) a first microconduit fluidly coupling the first well to the first opening;
d) a second microconduit fluidly coupling the second well to the second opening; and
e) a tip overlay positioned on the outlet surface and penetrated by a deposition channel, wherein the deposition channel is situated to communicate carrier fluid among the first opening, the second opening, and a deposition surface when the tip overlay is pressed against the deposition surface,
wherein the spotter apparatus is in the form of an array for applying multiple deposition spots on the deposition surface; wherein the array is operable for applying individual deposition spots by their own unique first well, second well, first microconduit, second microconduit, first opening, second opening, and deposition channel; wherein the loading surface, the outlet surface, the first microconduit and the second microconduit are formed in multiple layers substantially parallel to the loading surface; wherein the tip overlay is substantially orthogonal to the multiple layers; and wherein a first deposition channel is aligned with one of the multiple layers and a second deposition channel is aligned with another of the multiple layers.
2. The spotter apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the array includes 8, 16, 32, 96, 192, 384, 768, or 1536 first and second wells.
3. The spotter apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the array includes 4, 7, 8, 14, 16, 28, 48, 84, 88, 96, 192, 360, 368, 384, 768, 1488, 1504, or 1536 deposition channels.
4. The spotter apparatus of claim 1 , wherein when the tip overlay is pressed against the deposition surface, the deposition channel for each member of the array and the deposition surface define a plurality of flow chambers, all having a substantially equal volume.
5. The spotter apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the deposition channel has a geometric shape selected from the group consisting of, triangular, rectangular, circular, hexagonal, octagonal, circular, and elliptical.
6. The spotter apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the geometric shape is hexagonal or octagonal.
7. The spotter apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the loading surface and the outlet surface are formed of a material selected from the group consisting of silicon, silica, gallium arsenide, glass, ceramics, quartz, neoprene, polytetrafluoroethlene polymers, perfluoroalkoxy polymers, fluorinated ethylene propylene polymers, tetrafluoroethylene copolymers, polyethylene elastomers, polybutadiene/SBR, nitriles, and combinations thereof.
8. The spotter apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the loading surface and the outlet surface are formed of polydimethylsiloxane.
9. The spotter apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the loading surface and the outlet surface are formed of thermoplastic elastomer.
10. The spotter apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the tip overlay is formed of a material selected from the group consisting of silicon, silica, gallium arsenide, glass, ceramics, quartz, neoprene, polytetrafluoroethlene polymers, perfluoroalkoxy polymers, fluorinated ethylene propylene polymers, tetrafluoroethylene copolymers, polyethylene elastomers, polybutadiene/SBR, nitriles, and combinations thereof.
11. The spotter apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the tip overlay is formed of polydimethylsiloxane.
12. The spotter apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the tip overlay is formed of thermoplastic elastomer.
13. The spotter apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the tip overlay is separate from the deposition surface, and the tip overlay and the deposition surface are configured to form a seal around the deposition channel when pressed together.
14. The spotter apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the deposition surface is integrated with the tip overlay.
15. The spotter apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the deposition surface is also a sensing surface that is configured to sense the at least one substance or an interaction of multiple substances after being deposited thereon.
16. The spotter apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first microconduit and second microconduit terminate at the outlet surface without extending into the overlay.
17. The spotter apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first microconduit and the second microconduit have individual diameters of about 5 pm to about 500 pm and the first well and the second well have volumes of about 0.1 nL to about 500 nL.
18. The spotter apparatus of claim 1 , wherein when the tip overlay is pressed against the deposition surface, the deposition channel, the outlet surface, and the deposition surface define a chamber having a volume of from about 0.1 nL to 500 nL.
19. The spotter apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first well has a larger diameter than the first microconduit and the second well has a larger diameter than the second microconduit.