Stimulation patterns for treating dry eye
Described herein are electrical stimulation patterns and methods of use thereof for treating dry eye disease, tired eye, or other forms of ocular discomfort. The methods generally include applying patterned stimulation to an anatomical structure located in an ocular region or a nasal region to increase tear production.
1. A handheld system comprising one or more stimulation electrodes and a control subsystem, wherein the control subsystem comprises a programmable memory configured to store a plurality of patterned stimulation waveforms configured to generate a sensed paresthesia, and wherein at least one of the plurality of patterned stimulation waveforms comprises a pulse shape, maximum amplitude, and pulse width that are concurrently modulated over time, and wherein the pulse width is modulated over time according to an exponential function,
wherein the exponential function comprises a first phase wherein the pulse width is equal to (PW max −PW min )(1−e −(t/τ) ), where PW max is the maximum pulse width, PW min is the minimum pulse width, and τ is a time constant.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the exponential function comprises a second phase wherein the pulse width is equal to (PW max −PW min )(e −(t/τ) ).
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein PW max is 300 μs, PW min is 0 μs, and τ is 0.2 μs.