Multilayered material sheet and process for its preparation
The invention relates to a multilayered material sheet comprising a consolidated stack of unidirectional monolayers of drawn polymer, whereby the draw direction of two subsequent monolayers in the stack differs. At least one monolayer comprises a plurality of unidirectional tapes of the drawn polymer, aligned in the same direction, whereby adjacent tapes do not overlap. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of the multilayered material sheet, and to a ballistic resistant article comprising the multilayered material sheet.
1. A multilayered material sheet comprising a consolidated stack of unidirectional monolayers of drawn polymer, wherein two subsequent monolayers in the stack have draw directions which differ from one another, and wherein at least one monolayer comprises at least one unidirectional tape of the drawn polymer, each tape comprises longitudinal edges, wherein the monolayer is free of an area of elevated thickness adjacent to and along the substantial length of the longitudinal edges of the at least one unidirectional tape, wherein the monolayer contains more than one unidirectional tape of the drawn polymer whereby adjacent tapes do not overlap, and a binder, wherein the binder comprises less than 20% of the weight of the monolayer or a consolidated stack comprising the monolayer.
2. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 1 , wherein the binder includes polyethylene, cross linked polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene copolymers, propylene copolymers and other olefin polymers and copolymers.
3. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 1 , wherein the binder is applied to fixingly abut adjacent unidirectional tapes along longitudinal edges thereof.
4. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 1 , wherein the binder comprises less than 10% of the weight of the monolayer or a consolidated stack comprising the monolayer.
5. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 1 , wherein the binder comprises less than 5% of the weight of the monolayer or a consolidated stack comprising the monolayer.
6. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 1 , wherein the binder comprises less than 2% of the weight of the monolayer or a consolidated stack comprising the monolayer.
7. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 1 , wherein the binder is applied locally.
8. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 1 , wherein the binder is a transverse bonding strip.
9. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 1 , wherein at least one monolayer comprises a plurality of unidirectional tapes of the drawn polymer, the plurality of unidirectional tapes being aligned to form a woven fabric.
10. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 1 , wherein at least one monolayer comprises a plurality of unidirectional tapes of the drawn polymer and wherein the gap between adjacent tapes is smaller than 10% of the width of the adjacent unidirectional tapes.
11. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 10 , wherein the gap between adjacent tapes is smaller than 5% of the width of the adjacent unidirectional tapes.
12. The multilayered material sheet according claim 1 , wherein the longitudinal edges of the adjacent tapes at least partially abut each other.
13. The multilayered material sheet according claim 12 , wherein the adjacent tapes at least partially fixedly abut each other.
14. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 1 , wherein the thickness of at least one monolayer does not exceed 100 microns.
15. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 14 , wherein the thickness of at least one monolayer does not exceed 29 microns.
16. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 14 , wherein the thickness of the at least one monolayer is greater than 10 microns.
17. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyolefins, polyesters, polyvinyl alcohols, polyacrylonitriles, polyamides, liquid crystalline polymers and ladder-like polymers.
18. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 17 , wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of poly(p-phenylene teraphthalamide), polybenzimidazoles and polybenzoxazoles.
19. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 18 , wherein the polymer is poly(1,4-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) or poly(2,6-diimidazo[4,5-b-4′,5′-e]pyridinylene-1,4-(2,5-dihydroxy)phenylene).
20. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 17 , wherein the polymer is a polyolefin which comprises ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene.
21. A multilayered material sheet comprising a consolidated stack of unidirectional monolayers of drawn polymer, wherein the draw direction of two subsequent monolayers in the stack differs, wherein at least one monolayer comprises at least one unidirectional tape of the drawn polymer, each tape comprises longitudinal edges, wherein the monolayer is free of an area of elevated thickness adjacent to and along the substantial length of the longitudinal edges of the at least one unidirectional tape, wherein the monolayer contains more than one unidirectional tape of the drawn polymer whereby adjacent tapes do not overlap, and a binder, wherein the binder includes at least one elastomer with a modulus, measured at 23° C., of less than about 41,300 kPa.
22. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 21 , wherein the elastomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of polybutadiene, polyisoprene, natural rubber, ethylene-propylene copolymers, ethylene-propylene-diene terpoymers, polysulphide polymer, polyurethane elastomer, chlorosulphonated polyethylene, polychloroprene, plasticized polyvinylchloride, butadiene acrylonitrile elastomer, poly(isobutylene-co-isoprene), polyacrylate, polyester, polyether, fluoroelastomer, silicone elastomer, thermoplastic elastomers, and ethylene copolymers.
23. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 21 , wherein the elastomer is a block copolymer of a conjugated diene and a vinyl aromatic monomer.
24. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 21 , wherein the binder comprises less than 20% of the weight of the monolayer or a consolidated stack comprising the monolayer.
25. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 22 , wherein the binder is polyvinylchloride plasticized with dioctyl phthalate.
26. A multilayered material sheet comprising a consolidated stack of unidirectional monolayers of drawn polymer, wherein two subsequent monolayers in the stack have draw directions which differ from one another, and wherein at least one monolayer comprises at least one unidirectional tape of the drawn polymer, each tape comprising longitudinal edges, wherein the monolayer is free of an area of elevated thickness adjacent to and along a substantial length of the longitudinal edges of the at least one unidirectional tape, wherein when the monolayer contains more than one unidirectional tape of the drawn polymer whereby adjacent tapes do not overlap, and a binder, wherein the binder is a thermoplastic film bonded to an outer layer of the monolayer, wherein the binder comprises less than 20% of the weight of the unidirectional monolayer or a consolidated stack comprising the monolayer.
27. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 26 , wherein the thermoplastic film is a thin polyethylene film.
28. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 26 , wherein the thermoplastic film is a polyethylene film with a thickness of 0.35 mils.
29. A multilayered material sheet comprising a consolidated stack of unidirectional monolayers of drawn polymer, wherein the draw direction of two subsequent monolayers in the stack differs, wherein at least one monolayer comprises at least one unidirectional tape of the drawn polymer, each tape comprising longitudinal edges, wherein the monolayer is free of an area of elevated thickness adjacent to and along a substantial length of the longitudinal edges of the at least one unidirectional tape, wherein when the monolayer contains more than one unidirectional tape of the drawn polymer whereby adjacent tapes do not overlap, and a binder, wherein the binder is at least one elastomer selected from the group consisting of polybutadiene, polyisoprene, natural rubber, ethylene-propylene copolymers, ethylene-propylene-diene terpoymers, polysulphide polymer, polyurethane elastomer, chlorosulphonated polyethylene, polychloroprene, plasticized polyvinylchloride, butadiene acrylonitrile elastomer, poly(isobutylene-co-isoprene), polyacrylates, polyester, polyethers, fluoroelastomer, silicone elastomer, thermoplastic elastomers and ethylene copolymers.
30. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 29 , wherein the elastomer is a block copolymer of a conjugated diene and a vinyl aromatic monomer.
31. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 29 , wherein the binder comprises less than 20% of the weight of the monolayer or a consolidated stack comprising the monolayer.
32. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 29 , wherein the binder comprises less than 10% of the weight of the monolayer or a consolidated stack comprising the monolayer.
33. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 29 , wherein the binder comprises less than 5% of the weight of the monolayer or a consolidated stack comprising the monolayer.
34. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 29 , wherein the binder comprises less than 2% of the weight of the monolayer or a consolidated stack comprising the monolayer.
35. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 29 , wherein the at least one monolayer is free of an area of elevated thickness along and adjacent to an entire length of the longitudinal edges of the at least one unidirectional tape.
36. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 29 , wherein the binder is polyvinylchloride plasticized with dioctyl phthalate.
37. A multilayered material sheet comprising a consolidated stack of unidirectional monolayers of drawn polymer, wherein the draw direction of two subsequent monolayers in the stack differs, wherein at least one monolayer comprises at least one unidirectional tape of the drawn polymer, each tape comprises longitudinal edges, wherein the monolayer is free of an area of elevated thickness adjacent to and along the substantial length of the longitudinal edges of the at least one unidirectional tape, wherein the monolayer contains more than one unidirectional tape of the drawn polymer whereby adjacent tapes do not overlap, and a binder, wherein the at least one monolayer has a strength which is at least 0.9 GPa.
38. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 37 , wherein the strength of the at least one monolayer is at least 1.5 GPa.
39. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 37 , wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyolefins, polyesters, polyvinyl alcohols, polyacrylonitriles, polyamides, liquid crystalline polymers and ladder-like polymers.
40. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 39 , wherein the polymer is a polyolefin which comprises ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene.
41. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 39 , wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of poly(p-phenylene teraphthalamide), polybenzimidazoles and polybenzoxazoles.
42. The multilayered material sheet according to claim 41 , wherein the polymer is poly(1,4-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) or poly(2,6-diimidazo[4,5-b-4′,5′-e]pyridinylene-1,4-(2,5-dihydroxy)phenylene).