Lipid-soluble formulations containing mixtures of antioxidants
A substantially oil- and fat-free single phase, homogenous antioxidant formulation that is readily dispersible in lipid matrices at ambient temperature by gentle stirring. The formulation includes a phenolic antioxidant compound, a liquid carrier, preferably a metal chelator, an emulsifier, and a polarity modifier. In preferred embodiment, a combination of lipid-soluble and water-soluble antioxidant compounds is included to provide an improved antioxidant effect.
1. A method of protecting oils and fats from oxidation, comprising the steps of:
(a) formulating a homogenous single phase product substantially free of oils or fats comprising:
i. a phenolic antioxidant composition having:
A. at least one water-soluble antioxidant; and
B. at least one lipid-soluble antioxidant selected from the group consisting of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), ethoxyquin, gallic acid and esters of gallic acid, flavones, phenolic di- and tri-terpenes, phenolic extracts of sage, phenolic extracts of rosemary, and phenolic extracts of thyme;
ii. a liquid polar carrier selected from the group consisting of monopropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and glycerol;
iii. an emulsifier; and
iv. a polarity modifier;
(b) adding the homogenous single phase product to the oil or fat; and
(c) dissolving both the water-soluble and lipid-soluble antioxidants into the oil or fat by mixing.
2. A method as defined in claim 1 , wherein the emulsifier is selected from the group consisting of acylglycerides, di-acylglycerides, phospholipids, and lysophospholipids.
3. A method as defined in claim 1 , wherein the polarity modifier is selected from the group consisting of short chain fatty acids.
4. A method as defined in claim 3 , wherein the short chain fatty acid is selected from the group consisting of propionic acid, butyric acid and acetic acid.
5. A method as defined in claim 1 , further comprising a metal chelator.
6. A method as defined in claim 5 , wherein the metal chelator comprises organic acids.
7. A method as defined in claim 6 , wherein the organic acid is selected from the group consisting of ascorbic acid and citric acid.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method is carried out at ambient temperature.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the antioxidant components are present in an amount between about 10 and about 30 weight percent of the homogenous product.
10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adding about 5% citric acid, and wherein the liquid polar carrier is between 25-30% monopropylene glycol, the polarity modifier is between 15-25% propionic acid and the emulsifier is between 25-30% monoglycerides.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adding about 5% citric acid, and wherein the lipid-soluble antioxidant is about 7% gallic acid, 10% propyl gallate, and 3% octyl gallate, the liquid polar carrier is about 27.5% monopropylene glycol, the polarity modifier is about 19% propionic acid, the emulsifier is about 26.5% monoglycerides, and about 2% phospholipids.
12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adding about 5% citric acid, and wherein the lipid-soluble antioxidant is about 7% gallic acid, 10% propyl gallate, and 2% octyl gallate, the liquid polar carrier is about 27% monopropylene glycol, the polarity modifier is about 20% propionic acid, and the emulsifier is about 29% monoglycerides.
13. A product made according to the method of claim 1 , further comprising adding about 5% citric acid, and wherein the lipid-soluble antioxidant is about 17% propyl gallate and 2% octyl gallate, the liquid polar carrier is about 27% monopropylene glycol, the polarity modifier is about 20% propionic acid, and the emulsifier is about 29% monoglycerides.
14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adding about 5% citric acid, and wherein the lipid-soluble antioxidant is about 7% gallic acid and 10% propyl gallate, 27% the liquid polar carrier is about monopropylene glycol, the polarity modifier is about 20% propionic acid, and the emulsifier is about 29% monoglycerides.
15. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adding about 5% citric acid, and wherein the lipid-soluble antioxidant is about 7% gallic acid, 10% propyl gallate, and 3% octyl gallate, the liquid polar carrier is about 30% monopropylene glycol, the polarity modifier is about 19% propionic acid, and the emulsifier is about 26% monoglycerides.
16. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adding about 5% citric acid, and wherein the lipid-soluble antioxidant is about 7% gallic acid 12% propyl gallate, and 5% BHA, the liquid polar carrier is about 27% monopropylene glycol, the polarity modifier is about 20% propionic acid, and the emulsifier is about 29% monoglycerides.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dissolving of the water-soluble and lipid-soluble antioxidants into the oil or fat is performed at room temperature.