High efficiency high frequency resonant power conversion
A power converter comprises a switch network coupled to an input voltage, a power transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, wherein the primary winding is coupled to the switch network, and the secondary winding is coupled to a rectifier, wherein the rectifier is coupled to an output voltage, a primary resonant tank having a first resonant capacitor and a first resonant frequency, and coupled to the primary winding of the power transformer and the switch network, and a regulation circuit configured to control the output voltage of the power converter to be substantially proportional to the input voltage and the switch network to operate at a frequency substantially close to the first resonant frequency.
1. A power converter comprising:
a switch network coupled to an input voltage port;
a power transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, wherein the primary winding is coupled to the switch network, and the secondary winding is coupled to a rectifier, and wherein the rectifier is coupled to an output voltage port;
a primary resonant tank having a first resonant capacitor and a first resonant frequency, and coupled to the primary winding of the power transformer and the switch network; and
a regulation circuit configured to control an output voltage across two terminals of the output voltage port of the power converter to be substantially proportional to an input voltage applied to the input voltage port and the switch network to operate at a frequency substantially close to the first resonant frequency, wherein the regulation circuit has an input connected to a third winding on a primary side of the power transformer, and wherein a voltage across two terminals of the third winding is proportional to the output voltage across two terminals of the output voltage port of the power converter in the steady-state operation.
2. The power converter of claim 1 , wherein the secondary winding is coupled to a secondary resonant tank comprising at least a second resonant capacitor and having a second resonant frequency, wherein the second resonant frequency is substantially close to the first resonant frequency.
3. The power converter of claim 1 , wherein the regulation circuit comprises a signal conditioning circuit, and wherein the signal conditioning circuit provides a feedback signal substantially proportional to the output voltage across the two terminals of the output voltage port.
4. The power converter of claim 3 , wherein the feedback signal is adjustable based upon a load current.
5. The power converter of claim 1 , wherein the regulation circuit has a reference substantially proportional to the input voltage.
6. The power converter of claim 5 , wherein the reference is adjustable based upon a load current.
7. The power converter of claim 1 , wherein the power converter has more than one output.
8. A system having a power converter comprising:
a switch network coupled to an input voltage port;
a power transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, wherein the primary winding is coupled to the switch network, and the secondary winding is coupled to a rectifier, and wherein the rectifier is coupled to an output voltage port;
a primary resonant tank having a first resonant capacitor and a first resonant frequency, and coupled between the primary winding of the power transformer and the switch network; a secondary resonant tank comprising at least a second resonant capacitor and having a second resonant frequency, and coupled to the secondary winding of the power transformer, wherein the second resonant frequency is substantially equal to the first resonant frequency; and
a regulation circuit configured to control an output voltage across two terminals of the output voltage port to be proportional to an input voltage applied to the input voltage port in the steady-state operation and the switch network to operate at a frequency substantially equal to the first resonant frequency, wherein the regulation circuit comprises an error amplifier having a first input configured to receive a signal proportional to the output voltage from a third winding on a primary side of the power transformer, a second input configured to receive a signal proportional to the input voltage and an output configured to adjust the frequency of the switch network.
9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the third winding is coupled to the regulation circuit through a signal conditioning circuit and provides a feedback signal substantially proportional to the output voltage.
10. The system of claim 9 , wherein the primary resonant tank has a series resonant circuit.
11. The system of claim 9 , wherein the primary resonant tank has a parallel resonant circuit.
12. The system of claim 9 , wherein the signal conditioning circuit performs rectification and filtering to the feedback signal.
13. An apparatus comprising:
a first switch network coupled to a power source;
a power transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, wherein the primary winding is coupled to the first switch network, and the secondary winding is coupled to a second switch network coupled to an output voltage port;
a primary resonant tank comprising a first resonant capacitor and a leakage inductance of the primary winding, wherein the primary resonant tank has a first resonant frequency and is coupled between the primary winding of the power transformer and the first switch network;
a secondary resonant tank comprising a second resonant capacitor and a second leakage inductance of the secondary winding, wherein the secondary resonant tank has a second resonant frequency and is coupled between the secondary winding of the power transformer and the second switch network, and wherein the second resonant frequency is substantially equal to the first resonant frequency, and wherein a capacitance of the second resonant capacitor is equal to the square of a turns ratio of the power transformer times a capacitance of the first resonant capacitor; and
a regulation circuit configured to control the first switch network to operate at a frequency substantially close to the first resonant frequency, wherein the regulation circuit has an input connected to a third winding on a primary side of the power transformer, and wherein a voltage across two terminals of the third winding is proportional to an output voltage across two terminals of the output voltage port in the steady state operation.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein:
the third winding is coupled to the primary winding and the secondary winding.
15. The apparatus of claim 14 , further comprising:
a signal conditioning circuit having inputs connected to the third winding, wherein:
the regulation circuit has at least one input connected to an output of the signal conditioning circuit.
16. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein:
the regulation circuit is configured to generate a plurality of gate drive signals applied to the first switch network, and wherein the plurality of gate drive signals are configured such that:
the output voltage across the two terminals of the output voltage port is substantially proportional to an input voltage from the power source.
17. The apparatus of claim 16 , wherein:
the signal conditioning circuit is configured to generate a feedback signal proportional to the output voltage across the two terminals of the output voltage port.
18. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein:
one of the primary resonant tank and the secondary resonant tank comprises a discrete inductor.