Tissue repair scaffold
The present invention provides a tissue repair scaffold comprising a secondary fiber bundle, the secondary fiber bundle comprising a plurality of primary fiber bundles, each primary fiber bundle comprising a plurality of fibers, wherein the fibers comprise a biocompatible polymer. In embodiments the biocompatible polymer is polycaprolactone (PCL) (also known as poly-ε-caprolactone) and the average diameter of the fibers is less than 1 μm. The scaffold is particularly adapted for tendon repair. In vivo mouse studies demonstrate that tendon repair can be achieved with normal ambulation returning after 24-48 hours. The scaffolds were easy to handle during surgery, being non-slippery and easy to suture in place.
1. A tissue repair scaffold comprising a secondary fibre structure, the secondary fibre structure comprising one or more primary fibre bundles, each primary fibre bundle comprising a plurality of fibres, the fibres comprising polycaprolactone, wherein the average diameter of the fibres is less than 1 μm, wherein the plurality of fibres in each primary fibre bundle are aligned and twisted such that the fibres in each primary bundle form a helix structure.
2. A tissue repair scaffold according to claim 1 , wherein the scaffold consists essentially of polycaprolactone.
3. A tissue repair scaffold according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more primary fibre bundles are further plaited or twisted to form the secondary fibre structure.
4. A tissue repair scaffold according to claim 1 , wherein the secondary fibre structure is a secondary fibre bundle that has a rope-like morphology.
5. A tissue repair scaffold according to claim 1 , wherein the average diameter of the primary fibre bundles is in the range 30-100 μm.
6. A tissue repair scaffold according to claim 4 , wherein the diameter of the secondary fibre bundle is in the range 150-400 μm.
7. A tissue repair scaffold according to claim 1 , wherein the fibres are made by electrospinning.
8. A tissue repair scaffold according to claim 1 , wherein the primary fibre bundle comprises at least 50 fibres.
9. A tissue repair scaffold according to claim 1 , for use in a method of treatment of the human or animal body, wherein the method comprises treating a damaged tendon.
10. The tissue repair scaffold of claim 1 wherein the secondary fibre structure is a knitted structure knitted from the one or more primary fibre bundles.
11. The tissue repair scaffold of claim 1 wherein the secondary fibre structure is a woven structure woven from the one or more primary fibre bundles.
12. The tissue repair scaffold according to claim 4 , wherein the secondary bundle comprises at least 3 primary fibre bundles.
13. The tissue repair scaffold of claim 1 wherein the helix structure has a helix angle in the range of 20°-80°.
14. A tissue repair scaffold comprising a plurality of secondary fibre bundles, each secondary fibre bundle comprising a plurality of primary fibre bundles, wherein each primary fibre bundle comprises a plurality of polycaprolactone fibres that are aligned, each polycaprolactone fibre having an average diameter of less than 1 μm, wherein the plurality of polycaprolactone fibres in each primary fibre bundle are twisted such that the polycaprolactone fibres in each primary fibre bundle form a helix structure.
15. A tissue repair scaffold according to claim 14 , wherein each secondary bundle comprises at least 3 primary fibre bundles.