Multimodal antimicrobial therapy
The present invention is directed to compositions and methods for preventing and/or treating diseases and disorders of patients caused by non-Staphylococcal microorganisms. In particular, compositions and methods contain lysostaphin, altered forms of lysostaphin as compared to wild-type, and synergistic combinations of lysostaphin plus additional conventional treatments such as other enzyme, antibiotic and/or antibody treatment. The invention is also directed to detecting and identifying altered forms of lysostaphin that possess increased efficacy against infections as compared to wild-type lysostaphin, and forms that generate a minimal or no immune response in a patient. The invention is also directed to method of manufacturing lysostaphin and altered forms of lysostaphin, and compositions that direct the lysostaphin to the site of the infection such as aerosolized nanoparticles.
1. A method for treating an infection caused by Mycobacterial organisms comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a pharmaceutical composition consisting of lysostaphin at from 5 pg to 0.5 mg of lysostaphin/kg of patient weight.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the effective amount of lysostaphin is administered in one or more doses.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the effective amount of lysostaphin is administered in one or more doses and provides a serum or tissue level of lysostaphin at from 0.001 pg/ml to 50 pg/ml.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the effective amount of lysostaphin is administered in one or more doses and provides a serum or tissue level of lysostaphin at from 0.01 pg/ml to 20 pg/ml.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is encapsulated with a biodegradable polymer that provides for slow-release or timed-release of the lysostaphin.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lysostaphin is aerosolized to an average particle size of about 1-3 microns or less.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lysostaphin is aerosolized as nanoparticles.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the nanoparticles are administered to the lungs.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is coated onto an object to be inserted into the body of the patient.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the object is inserted into an area of the body of the patient that is sequestered from the patient's immune system.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition has reduced negative effects or increased positive effects for the patient as compared with conventional therapy.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the reduced negative effects include one or more of reduced toxicity and reduced immunogenicity, and the increased positive effects include one or more of increased efficacy and enhanced clearance of a non-Staphylococcal organism.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lysostaphin is wild-type or recombinant lysostaphin.
14. The method of claim 13 wherein the recombinant lysostaphin is isolated from a culture of cells other than Staphylococcus cells.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the culture of cells other than the Staphylococcus cells is E. coli cells.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the recombinant lysostaphin has one or more amino acids or one or more amino acid modifications that differ from wild-type lysostaphin.
17. The method of claim 13 , wherein the recombinant lysostaphin has a greater efficacy against a non- Staphylococcus infection as compared to wild-type lysostaphin.
18. The method of claim 13 , wherein recombinant lysostaphin has a reduced or no immune response when administered to the patients in need thereof as compared to wild-type lysostaphin.
19. The method of claim 13 , further comprising a secondary therapy for the patient in need thereof that is synergistic with the lysostaphin.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the secondary therapy comprises administration of chemical compounds, antimicrobials, bacteriocins, antibodies and/or antibiotics.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the secondary therapy comprises an agent that has activity against cell walls.
22. The method of claim 20 , wherein the lysostaphin is administered at a dose that does not initially kill or destroy all non-Staphylococcal organisms.
23. The method of claim 1 , wherein the effective amount of lysostaphin is administered in one or more doses of 10 pg per kg of patient body weight.
24. The method of claim 1 , wherein the effective amount of lysostaphin is administered in one or more doses of 50 pg per kg of patient body weight.
25. The method of claim 1 , wherein the effective amount of lysostaphin is administered in one or more doses of 100 pg per kg of patient body weight.
26. The method of claim 1 , wherein the Mycobacterial organisms comprise M. sinegiatis and/or M. tuberculosis.