Magnetic position coupling and valve mechanism

1. An apparatus comprising:

a conduit defining a core region for containing a fluid;

an array of coils wherein each coil of the array of coils is wound around the conduit;

an external magnet assembly mounted outside of the array of coils and movable over the array of coils; and

an internal magnet assembly mounted inside the conduit, wherein the internal magnet assembly is aligned with and movable relative to the external magnet assembly and wherein the internal magnet assembly is also magnetically coupled to the external magnet assembly so that the external and internal magnet assemblies move together along the array of coils in response drive signals applied to the coils within the array of coils.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the conduit is a cylinder establishing a fluid impermeable wall.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:

a valve mechanism within the internal magnet assembly for blocking and unblocking a flow of fluid through the conduit, said valve mechanism magnetically controlled by signals applied to coils of the array of coils.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:

an external fluid circuit defining a closed-loop fluid path connecting one end of the conduit with another end of the conduit; and

an electronically operated valve mechanism located outside of the conduit and within the external fluid circuit, said valve mechanism operable to block and unblock a flow of fluid within the external fluid circuit.

5. The apparatus of claim 4 , further comprising:

a valve mechanism within the internal magnet assembly for blocking and unblocking a flow of fluid through the conduit, said valve mechanism magnetically controlled by signals applied to coils of the array of coils.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the external magnet assembly comprises an array of external ring magnets, each ring magnet of the array of external ring magnets encircling the array of coils.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the ring magnets of the array of external ring magnets are grouped to form a first sub-array of external ring magnets and a second sub-array of external ring magnets, said first and second sub-arrays of external ring magnets being separately movable along the array of coils under control of signals applied to the coils of the array of coils.

8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the internal magnet assembly comprises an array of internal ring magnets aligned with the array of external ring magnets.

9. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the ring magnets of the array of internal ring magnets are grouped to form a first sub-array of internal ring magnets and a second sub-array of internal ring magnets, said first and second sub-arrays of internal ring magnets being separately movable within the conduit under control of signals applied to the coils of the array of coils.

10. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the first sub-array of external ring magnets and the first sub-array of internal ring magnets are magnetically coupled and move together and wherein the second sub-array of external ring magnets and the second sub-array of internal ring magnets are magnetically coupled and move together.

11. The apparatus of claim 10 , further comprising a valve mechanism for controlling a flow of fluid through the internal magnet assembly and operated by a movement of the first and second sub-arrays of internal ring magnets relative to each other.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 , further comprising a biasing mechanism coupled to the external magnet assembly and for biasing the valve mechanism in a closed state.

13. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the ring magnets within the external array of ring magnet have magnetic fields selected and arranged to enhance a magnetic field produced by the external array of magnets within the coils of the array of coils relative to a field radially outside of the external array of ring magnets.

14. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the ring magnets within the external array of ring magnets have magnetic fields selected and arranged to enhance a magnetic field produced by the external array of magnets within the coils of the array of coils relative to a field radially outside of the external array of ring magnets and wherein the ring magnets within the internal array of ring magnets have magnetic fields selected and arranged to enhance a magnetic field produced by the internal array of magnets within the coils of the array of coils relative to a field radially inside of the internal array of ring magnets.

15. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a shuttle within the conduit, said shuttle comprising the internal magnet assembly, wherein the shuttle blocks the conduit so that fluid cannot pass through the conduit from one side of the shuttle to another side of the shuttle.

16. A linear actuator comprising:

a cylinder having a fluid impermeable wall;

an array of coils, wherein each coil of the array of coils is wound around the cylinder; and

an actuator assembly including an array of external ring magnets and an array of internal ring magnets, each ring magnet of the array of external ring magnets encircling the array of coils and each ring magnet of the array of internal ring magnets located within the cylinder, and wherein the array of internal ring magnets is aligned with and movable relative to the array of external ring magnets and wherein the array of internal ring magnets is also magnetically coupled with the array of external ring magnets so that the arrays of external and internal ring magnets move together along the array of coils in response drive signals applied to the coils within the array of coils.

17. An apparatus comprising:

an array of coils wherein each coil of the array of coils is wound around a core region for containing a fluid;

an external magnet assembly mounted outside of the array of coils and movable over the array of coils, wherein the external magnet assembly comprises an array of external ring magnets, each ring magnet of the array of external ring magnets encircling the array of coils, and wherein the ring magnets of the array of external ring magnets are grouped to form a first sub-array of external ring magnets and a second sub-array of external ring magnets, said first and second sub-arrays of external ring magnets being separately movable along the array of coils under control of signals applied to the coils of the array of coils; and

an internal magnet assembly mounted inside the core region around which the coils of the array of coils are wound, wherein the internal magnet assembly is aligned with and magnetically coupled to the external magnet assembly so that the external and internal magnet assemblies move together along the array of coils in response drive signals applied to the coils within the array of coils.

18. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the internal magnet assembly comprises an array of internal ring magnets aligned with the array of external ring magnets.

19. The apparatus of claim 18 , wherein the ring magnets of the array of internal ring magnets are grouped to form a first sub-array of internal ring magnets and a second sub-array of internal ring magnets, said first and second sub-arrays of internal ring magnets being separately movable within the core region under control of signals applied to the coils of the array of coils.

20. The apparatus of claim 19 , wherein the first sub-array of external ring magnets and the first sub-array of internal ring magnets are magnetically coupled and move together and wherein the second sub-array of external ring magnets and the second sub-array of internal ring magnets are magnetically coupled and move together.

21. The apparatus of claim 20 , further comprising a valve mechanism for controlling a flow of fluid through the internal magnet assembly and operated by a movement of the first and second sub-arrays of internal ring magnets relative to each other.

22. The apparatus of claim 18 , wherein the ring magnets within the external array of ring magnets have magnetic fields selected and arranged to enhance a magnetic field produced by the external array of magnets within the coils of the array of coils relative to a field radially outside of the external array of ring magnets and wherein the ring magnets within the internal array of ring magnets have magnetic fields selected and arranged to enhance a magnetic field produced by the internal array of magnets within the coils of the array of coils relative to a field radially inside of the internal array of ring magnets.