Nitrile-substituted silanes and electrolyte compositions and electrochemical devices containing them
View Patent ↗Described herein are liquid, organosilicon compounds that including a substituent that is a cyano (—CN), cyanate (—OCN), isocyanate (—NCO), thiocyanate (—SCN) or isothiocyanate (—NCS). The organosilicon compounds are useful in electrolyte compositions and can be used in any electrochemical device where electrolytes are conventionally used.
1. Compounds of Formula I:
wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of C 1 to C 6 linear or branched alkyl and halogen, wherein at least one of R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 is fluorine;
“Spacer” is selected from the group consisting of C 1 to C 6 linear or branched alkylene, alkenylene, or alkynylene;
Y is selected from the group consisting of —(O—CH 2 —CH 2 ) n — and
wherein subscript “n” is an integer from 1 to 15, and subscript “x” is an integer from 1 to 15; and
R 4 is selected from the group consisting of cyano (—CN), cyanate (—OCN), isocyanate (—NCO), thiocyanate (—SCN) and isothiocyanate (—NCS).
2. Compounds of claim 1 , wherein Y is —(O—CH 2 —CH 2 ) n —.
3. Compounds of claim 1 , wherein Y is
4. Compounds of claim 1 , having a structure as shown in Formula IV:
5. A compound of claim 4 , wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are selected from the group consisting of C 1 to C 3 alkyl, chloro, and fluoro.
6. A compound of claim 4 , wherein at least two of R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are halogen.
7. A compound of claim 4 , wherein “spacer” is a C 2 to C 4 linear or branched alkylene.
8. A compound of claim 4 , wherein “x” is 1 to 4.
9. A compound of claim 4 , wherein R 4 is cyano.
10. Compounds of claim 1 , having a structure as shown in Formula V:
11. A compound of claim 10 , wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are selected from the group consisting of C 1 to C 3 alkyl, chloro, and fluoro.
12. A compound of claim 10 , wherein at least two of R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are halogen.
13. A compound of claim 10 , wherein “Spacer” is a C 2 to C 4 linear or branched alkylene.
14. A compound of claim 10 , wherein “n” is 1 to 4.
15. A compound of claim 10 , wherein R 4 is cyano.
16. An electrolyte composition comprising a compound as recited in claim 1 , in combination with a lithium-containing salt.
17. An electrochemical device comprising an electrolyte composition as recited in claim 16 .