All-acoustic duplexers using directional couplers
An all-acoustic filter includes acoustic directional couplers and acoustic filters. In one embodiment, the all-acoustic filter includes two acoustic directional couplers, pair of matched acoustic filters corresponding to either transmit or receive frequency bands, and another acoustic filter corresponding to the other of transmit or receive frequency bands. An all-acoustic duplexer may be realized monolithically in a small form factor, may be tunable, may support multiple transmit or receive frequency bands, or may include schemes for antenna mismatch correction.
1. A radio frequency (RF) duplexer, comprising:
at least a first port, a second port, and a third port; and
a plurality of acoustic components comprising at least:
a first acoustic filter that is coupled to the first port;
a second acoustic filter;
a third acoustic filter that is substantially similar to the second acoustic filter;
a first acoustic quadrature hybrid coupler that is configured to couple signals from the first acoustic filter and the third port to the second acoustic filter and the third acoustic filter; and
a second acoustic quadrature hybrid coupler that is configured to couple signals from the second acoustic filter and the third acoustic filter to the second port,
wherein the third port is a common port to the first port and the second port,
wherein the first port and the second port are isolated, and
wherein a transfer function between the first port and the third port and a transfer function between the second port and the third port have passbands at different frequencies as determined by the first acoustic filter, the second acoustic filter, and the third acoustic filter.
2. The RF duplexer of claim 1 , wherein the second acoustic quadrature hybrid coupler is coupled to a fourth port, and the fourth port is coupled to an electrical termination.
3. The RF duplexer of claim 1 , wherein the second acoustic quadrature hybrid coupler is coupled to an acoustic termination.
4. The RF duplexer of claim 1 , wherein RF signals from one or more of the first port, the second port, and the third port are coupled to the acoustic components in the RF duplexer using interdigital transducers.
5. The RF duplexer of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the first acoustic filter, the second acoustic filter, and the third acoustic filter use at least one acoustic resonator.
6. The RF duplexer of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the first acoustic filter, the second acoustic filter, and the third acoustic filter include a ladder filter or a transversal filter.
7. The RF duplexer of claim 1 , wherein one or both of the first acoustic quadrature hybrid coupler and the second acoustic quadrature hybrid coupler are realized using coupled acoustic waveguides.
8. The RF duplexer of claim 1 , wherein the RF duplexer is realized monolithically on a piezoelectric substrate.
9. The RF duplexer of claim 8 wherein the piezoelectric substrate is a semiconductor substrate.
10. The RF duplexer of claim 1 , wherein the RF duplexer components are integrated into a single package.
11. The RF duplexer of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the acoustic components includes at least one capacitor or at least one inductor.
12. The RF duplexer of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the acoustic components can be tuned by applying at least one electrical stimulus.
13. The RF duplexer of claim 1 , comprising at least one switchable component in at least one of the acoustic components, wherein a response of the acoustic component includes that the switchable component changes for different states of the switchable component.
14. The RF duplexer of claim 1 , wherein the RF duplexer is used in a multi-standard system or a multi-band communication system.
15. The RF duplexer of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the acoustic components in the RF duplexer uses surface acoustic waves or bulk acoustic waves.
16. The RF duplexer of claim 1 , wherein the first acoustic filter corresponds to frequency bands of a transmitter, and the second and the third acoustic filters correspond to the frequency bands of a receiver.
17. The RF duplexer of claim 1 , wherein the first acoustic filter correspond to frequency bands of a receiver, and the second and third acoustic filters correspond to the frequency bands of a transmitter.
18. The RF duplexer of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the first acoustic filter, the second acoustic filter, and the third acoustic filter comprise multiple passbands.
19. The RF duplexer of claim 1 , wherein the radio frequency duplexer is configured to support cellular wireless communications.
20. The RF duplexer of claim 1 , comprising electrical components that improve one or more of:
an impedance matching of one or more of the first port, the second port, and the third port;
an isolation between the first port and the second port; and
a rejection in certain frequencies in the transfer function between any pair of the first port, the second port, and the third port.