IP Library › Granted Patent US 9,867,976

Granted Patent B2

US 9,867,976 · App. 15/060,694 · Granted Jan 16, 2018

Long-term wear electrode

Inventor: Gary A. Freeman (Waltham, MA)

Assignee: ZOLL MEDICAL CORPORATION

A61N1/046 A61N1/0456 A61N1/0472 A61N1/0492 A61N1/0496 A61N1/36014 A61N1/3625 A61N1/39

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Quick Facts

Patent No.: US 9,867,976
App. No.: 15/060,694
Granted: Jan 16, 2018
Kind: B2

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Abstract

An electrode for use with a therapeutic current delivery system can include a flexible, water vapor-permeable, conductive adhesive material; a current dispersing element in contact with the conductive adhesive material; and a non-conductive, flexible, water vapor-permeable, electrically-insulating top layer provided in contact with the current dispersing element. The current dispersing element can be conductive at least laterally along a plane of the electrode. The conductive adhesive material can be conductive in a direction substantially orthogonal to the plane of the electrode and semi-conductive in a direction substantially lateral to the plane of the electrode.

Claims (72)

1. An electrode for use with a therapeutic current delivery system, comprising:

a flexible, water vapor-permeable, conductive adhesive material;

a current dispersing element in contact with the conductive adhesive material; and

a non-conductive, flexible, water vapor-permeable, electrically-insulating top layer provided in contact with the current dispersing element;

wherein the current dispersing element is conductive at least laterally along a plane of the electrode; and

wherein the conductive adhesive material is conductive in a direction substantially orthogonal to the plane of the electrode and semi-conductive in a direction substantially lateral to the plane of the electrode.

2. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the current dispersing element is conductive in a direction orthogonal to the plane of the electrode.

3. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the water vapor permeability of the electrode is greater than 100 gm/m 2 /24 hours.

4. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic current delivery system is a defibrillation system.

5. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic current delivery system is a pacing system.

6. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the electrode is configured to deliver a defibrillation pulse.

7. The electrode of claim 6 , wherein the defibrillation pulse comprises a therapeutic pulse having an energy of at least 200 joules.

8. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the electrode is configured to deliver at least one pacing pulse.

9. The electrode of claim 8 , wherein the pacing pulse comprises a current pulse having a duration in a range of 10-40 ms and an amplitude of at least 50 mAmps.

10. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the electrode is configured to uniformly distribute current to a patient.

11. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the flexible, water vapor-permeable, conductive adhesive material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of an electro-spun polyurethane adhesive, a polymerized microemulsion pressure sensitive adhesive, an organic conductive polymer, an organic semi-conductive conductive polymer, an organic conductive compound and a semi-conductive conductive compound, and combinations thereof.

12. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the flexible, water vapor-permeable, conductive adhesive layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of poly(3,4-ethylene dioxitiophene), doped with poly(styrene sulfonate), (PEDOT:PSS) poly(aniline) (PANI), poly(thiopene)s, and poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene co-bithiophen) (F8T2), and combinations thereof.

13. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the flexible, water vapor-permeable, conductive adhesive material is between 0.25 and 50 mils.

14. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the flexible, water vapor-permeable, conductive adhesive material comprises conductive particles.

15. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the current dispersing element comprises a metallic wire mesh.

16. The electrode of claim 15 , wherein the metallic wire mesh comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, tin, nickel, silver, gold, and combinations thereof.

17. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the conductive, current dispersing element comprises nickel-plated carbon-filled fibers.

18. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the current dispersing element is segmented.

19. The electrode of claim 1 , further comprising a backing attached to the flexible, water vapor-permeable, conductive adhesive material.

20. The electrode of claim 19 , wherein the backing extends beyond an outer surface of the electrode.

21. The electrode of claim 1 , further comprising a frame provided on an outer surface of the non-conductive, flexible, water vapor-permeable, electrically-insulating top layer.

22. The electrode of claim 21 , wherein the frame is disposed around the perimeter of the electrode.

23. A therapeutic current delivery system comprising:

a therapeutic current delivery device;

at least one cable connector connected to the therapeutic current delivery device; and

at least one electrode connected to the at least one cable connector,

wherein the at least one electrode comprises:

a flexible, water vapor-permeable, conductive adhesive material;

a current dispersing element in contact with the conductive adhesive material; and

a non-conductive, flexible, water vapor-permeable, electrically-insulating top layer provided in contact with the current dispersing element;

wherein the current dispersing element is conductive at least laterally along a plane of the electrode; and

24. The system of claim 23 , wherein the cable connectors are no more than 10 inches long.

25. The system of claim 23 , wherein the therapeutic current delivery device is a defibrillation device.

26. The system of claim 23 , wherein the therapeutic current delivery device is a pacing device.

27. The system of claim 23 , wherein the therapeutic current delivery device is a nerve stimulation device.

28. An electrode for use with a therapeutic current delivery system, comprising:

a flexible, water vapor-permeable, conductive adhesive material;

a current dispersing element in contact with the conductive adhesive material to receive a therapeutic current from a connector and distribute the therapeutic current over a plane of the electrode; and

a non-conductive, flexible, water vapor-permeable, electrically-insulating top layer in contact with the current dispersing element;

wherein the conductive adhesive material is conductive in a direction substantially orthogonal to a plane of the electrode and semi-conductive in a direction substantially lateral to the plane of the electrode.

29. The electrode of claim 28 , wherein the water vapor permeability of the electrode is greater than 100 gm/m 2 /24 hours.

30. An electrode for use with a therapeutic current delivery system, comprising: