Optical element, lighting device and luminaire
Disclosed is an optical element ( 10 ) comprising a central cavity ( 20 ) extending from a first aperture ( 12 ) to a second aperture ( 14 ) of the optical element, said central cavity gradually widening in a direction from the first aperture to the second aperture, said central cavity being delimited by a stack of transparent frustums ( 30 ) including a first frustum defining the first aperture and a final frustum defining the second aperture, each frustum having a prismatic outer surface ( 32 ) having a first surface portion ( 34 ) tapering in the direction from the second aperture to the first aperture and a continuous inner surface ( 36 ), wherein the respective continuous inner surfaces combine to delimit said central cavity. Also disclosed is a lighting device including such an optical element and a luminaire including such a lighting device.
1. A lighting device comprising:
a plurality of solid state lighting elements in a circular pattern; and
an optical element comprising a central cavity extending from a first aperture to a second aperture of the optical element, said central cavity gradually widening in a direction from the first aperture to the second aperture, said central cavity being delimited by a stack of transparent frustums including a first frustum defining the first aperture and a final frustum defining the second aperture, each frustum having a prismatic outer surface having a first surface portion tapering in the direction from the second aperture to the first aperture and a continuous inner surface, wherein the respective continuous inner surfaces combine to delimit said central cavity;
wherein the first frustum is placed over the solid state elements such that the solid state lighting elements are arranged to emit light into the first frustum; and
wherein the width of the respective transparent frustums as defined by the average distance from its continuous inner surface to its prismatic outer surface decreases in the direction from the first aperture to the second aperture.
2. The lighting device of claim 1 , wherein each prismatic surface of the optical element has a reflective second surface portion, wherein the first surface portion tapers from the second surface portion in the direction of the first aperture.
3. The lighting device of claim 2 , wherein each reflective second surface portion is a total internal reflection surface for rays incident under at least a predefined angle.
4. The lighting device of claim 1 , wherein respective continuous inner surfaces combine to form a horn-shaped surface.
5. The lighting device of any of claim 1 , wherein each transparent frustum has an annular shape.
6. The lighting device of claim 1 , wherein the continuous inner surfaces are curved surfaces or linear surfaces.
7. The lighting device of claim 1 , wherein the respective continuous inner surfaces ( 36 ) combine to form an internal reflection surface.
8. The lighting device of claim 1 , wherein the stack is an integral stack.
9. The lighting device of claim 1 , wherein the transparent frustums are made of an optical grade polymer.
10. The lighting device of claim 9 , wherein the optical grade polymer is selected from polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate and poly methyl methacrylate.
11. The lighting device of claim 10 , wherein the lighting device is a light bulb.
12. The lighting device of claim 11 , wherein the light bulb is a candle-shaped light bulb.
13. A luminaire comprising the lighting device of claim 12 .
14. An optical element comprising a central cavity extending from a first aperture to a second aperture of the optical element, said central cavity gradually widening in a direction from the first aperture to the second aperture, said central cavity being delimited by a stack of transparent frustums including a first frustum defining the first aperture and a final frustum defining the second aperture, each frustum having a prismatic outer surface having a first surface portion tapering in the direction from the second aperture to the first aperture and a continuous inner surface,
wherein the respective continuous inner surfaces combine to delimit said central cavity, wherein each prismatic surface has a reflective second surface portion,
wherein the first surface portion tapers from the second surface portion in the direction of the first aperture, and
wherein the width of the respective transparent frustums as defined by the average distance from its continuous inner surface to its prismatic outer surface decreases in the direction from the first aperture to the second aperture.