Adverse side-effects associated with administration of an anti-hyaluronan agent and methods for ameliorating or preventing the side-effects

1. A method for ameliorating in a subject an adverse musculoskeletal effect from an administered hyaluronidase, comprising:

a) systemically administering a hyaluronidase to the subject, wherein:

the hyaluronidase is a PEGylated soluble human PH20 hyaluronidase;

the subject is human; and

the adverse musculoskeletal effect is selected from among:

an adverse effect that is Grade 3 or Grade 4; and

an adverse effect that is ongoing or persistent Grade 2 toxicity that fails to resolve over a course of treatment with the hyaluronidase and that limits the ability of the subject to comply with the hyaluronidase therapy;

the grade of the adverse musculoskeletal effect is defined by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) scale; and

b) administering a sufficient amount of a glucocorticoid to the subject to ameliorate the adverse musculoskeletal effect.

2. A method for ameliorating in a subject an adverse musculoskeletal effect from an administered hyaluronidase, comprising:

a) prior to administering the hyaluronidase, administering a sufficient amount of a glucocorticoid to the subject to ameliorate an adverse musculoskeletal effect of the hyaluronidase when it is administered, wherein:

the subject is human;

the adverse musculoskeletal effect is selected from among:

an adverse effect that is Grade 3 or Grade 4; and

an adverse effect that is ongoing or persistent Grade 2 toxicity that fails to resolve over a course of treatment with the hyaluronidase and that limits the ability of the subject to comply with the hyaluronidase therapy; and

the grade of the adverse musculoskeletal effect is defined by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) scale; and then

b) systemically administering the hyaluronidase, wherein the hyaluronidase is a PEGylated soluble human PH20 hyaluronidase.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the glucocorticoid is selected from among a cortisone, dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, prednisolone and a prednisone.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the glucocorticoid is a dexamethasone.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the glucocorticoid is administered orally.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adverse musculoskeletal effect is Grade 3 or Grade 4 and is selected from among one or more of muscle and joint pain and stiffness, stiffness of upper extremities, stiffness of lower extremities, cramping, muscle soreness and tenderness over the entire body, weakness, fatigue and a decrease in range of motion at knee and elbow joints.

7. The method of claim 2 , further comprising administering a sufficient amount of a glucocorticoid concurrent with or subsequent to administration of the hyaluronidase.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the glucocorticoid is co-administered with the hyaluronidase.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the glucocorticoid is administered prior to administration of the hyaluronidase.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein administration of the glucocorticoid is at least 1 or more hours prior to administration of the hyaluronidase.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the glucocorticoid is administered subsequent to administration of the hyaluronidase.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein administration of the glucocorticoid is at least 8 hours to 12 hours after administration of the hyaluronidase.

13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the glucocorticoid is administered prior to and after administration of the hyaluronidase.

14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of glucocorticoid administered is between 0.1 to 20 mgs, inclusive.

15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of glucocorticoid administered is between 0.4 to 20 mgs, inclusive.

16. A method of ameliorating in a subject an adverse musculoskeletal effect from an administered hyaluronidase, comprising:

a) intravenously administering the hyaluronidase, wherein:

the hyaluronidase is a PEGylated soluble human PH20 hyaluronidase;

the subject is human; and

the adverse musculoskeletal effect is selected from among:

an adverse effect that is Grade 3 or Grade 4; and

an adverse effect that is ongoing or persistent Grade 2 toxicity that fails to resolve over a course of treatment with the hyaluronidase and that limits the ability of the subject to comply with the hyaluronidase therapy;

the grade of the adverse musculoskeletal effect is defined by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) scale; and

b) administering a sufficient amount of a glucocorticoid to the subject to ameliorate the adverse musculoskeletal effect.

17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hyaluronidase is administered several times a week, twice a week, once a week, every 21 days or once monthly.

18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hyaluronidase is administered to treat a hyaluronan associated disease or condition.

19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the hyaluronan associated disease or condition is selected from among one that is associated with high interstitial fluid pressure, a cancer, edema, disc pressure and an inflammatory disease.

20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the disease or condition is edema and the edema is caused by organ transplant, stroke or brain trauma.

21. The method of claim 19 , wherein the disease or condition is an inflammatory disease and the inflammatory disease is selected from among Rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, periodontitis, psoriasis, atherosclerosis, chronic wounds, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and inflammatory bowel disease.

22. A method of ameliorating in a subject an adverse musculoskeletal effect in a subject from an administered hyaluronidase, comprising:

a) systemically administering a hyaluronidase to the subject in an amount to treat a cancer that is a tumor, wherein:

the hyaluronidase is a PEGylated soluble human PH20 hyaluronidase;

the subject is human; and

the adverse musculoskeletal effect is selected from among:

an adverse effect that is Grade 3 or Grade 4; and

an adverse effect that is ongoing or persistent Grade 2 toxicity that fails to resolve over a course of treatment with the hyaluronidase and that limits the ability of the subject to comply with the hyaluronidase therapy;

the grade of the adverse musculoskeletal effect is defined by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) scale; and

b) administering a sufficient amount of a glucocorticoid to the subject to ameliorate the adverse effect.

23. The method of claim 19 , wherein the disease or condition is a cancer and the cancer is selected from among any one or more of a late-stage cancer, a metastatic cancer and an undifferentiated cancer.

24. The method of claim 22 , wherein the tumor is selected from among ovarian cancer, in situ carcinoma (ISC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, brain cancer and colon cancer.

25. The method of claim 22 , wherein administration of the hyaluronidase is effected intravenously (IV), subcutaneously, intramuscularly, intradermally, transdermally or sub-epidermally.

26. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

the subject has cancer; and

the adverse musculoskeletal effect results from systemic administration of the human hyaluronidase.

27. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

the adverse musculoskeletal effect results from intravenous administration of a single dose of a PEGylated hyaluronidase that is 0.00005 mg/kg to 5 mg/kg of the mass of the subject to whom it is administered; and

the amount of hyaluronidase is 0.0005 mg/kg to 5 mg/kg of the mass of the subject to whom it is administered.

28. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

the adverse effect results from administration of an amount of PEGylated hyaluronidase in a range between 0.3 Units/kg to 320,000 Units/kg, inclusive, of the mass of the subject; and

the amount of the hyaluronidase administered is in a range between 0.3 Units/kg to 320,000 Units/kg, inclusive, of the mass of the subject.

29. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

the adverse effect results from administration of an amount of PEGylated hyaluronidase that is between 0.3 Units/kg and 320,000 Units/kg, inclusive, of the mass of the subject;

the amount of a hyaluronidase administered is between 0.3 Units/kg and 320,000 Units/kg, inclusive, of the mass of the subject; and

the amount of glucocorticoid administered is between 0.4 to 20 mgs, inclusive.

30. The method of claim 1 , wherein the human PH20 hyaluronidase is a truncated form thereof lacking a C-terminal glycosylphospatidylinositol (GPI) attachment site or a portion of the GPI attachment site.

31. The method of claim 30 , wherein the PH20 or truncated form thereof is administered in a composition comprising a polypeptide having the sequence of amino acids set forth in any of SEQ ID NOS:4-9.

32. The method of claim 1 , wherein the glucocorticoid is dexamethasone.

33. The method of claim 22 , further comprising administration of a cancer treatment.

34. The method of claim 33 , wherein the cancer treatment is selected from among surgery, radiation, a chemotherapeutic agent, a biological agent, a polypeptide, an antibody, a peptide, a small molecule, a gene therapy vector, a virus and DNA.

35. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

the hyaluronidase is neutral active and soluble when secreted from a cell; and

the hyaluronidase polypeptide is a C-terminal truncated PH20 selected from:

(a) a polypeptide that consists of the sequence of amino acids 36-467, 36-468, 36-469, 36-470, 36-471, 36-472, 36-473, 36-474, 36-475, 36-476, 36-477, 36-478, 36-479, 36-480, 36-481, 36-482, 36-483, 36-484, 36-485, 36-486, 36-487, 36-488, 36-489, 36-490, 36-491, 36-492, 36-493, 36-494, 36-495, 36-496, 36-497, 36-498, 36-499 or 36-500 of SEQ ID NO:1; or

(b) a polypeptide consisting of a sequence of amino acids that exhibits at least 85% sequence identity to a polypeptide of a).

36. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

the hyaluronidase is neutral active and soluble when secreted from a cell; and

the hyaluronidase polypeptide is a C-terminal truncated PH20 selected from:

(a) a polypeptide that consists of the sequence of amino acids set forth in any of SEQ ID NOS: 4-9; or

(b) a polypeptide that consists of a sequence of amino acids that exhibits at least 95% sequence identity to any of SEQ ID NOS: 4-9.

37. The method of claim 36 , wherein the PH20 polypeptide consists of a sequence of amino acid residues having at least 98% sequence identity to residues 36-483 of SEQ ID NO:1.

38. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

the adverse musculoskeletal effect results from administering the hyaluronidase in an amount that is between 0.1 μg/kg to 1 mg/kg, inclusive, of the mass of the subject to whom it is administered; and

the amount of hyaluronidase administered is between 0.1 mg/kg to 1 mg/kg, inclusive, of the mass of the subject to whom it is administered.

39. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

the adverse musculoskeletal effect results from administering the hyaluronidase in an amount that is between 16 to 16,000 Units/kg, inclusive, of the mass of the subject to whom it is administered; and

the amount of hyaluronidase administered is between 16 to 16,000 Units/kg, inclusive, of the mass of the subject to whom it is administered.

40. The method of claim 2 , wherein:

the adverse musculoskeletal effect results from administering the hyaluronidase in an amount that is between 0.1 μg/kg to 1 mg/kg, inclusive, of the mass of the subject to whom it is administered; and

the amount of hyaluronidase administered is between 0.1 μg/kg to 1 mg/kg, inclusive, of the mass of the subject to whom it is administered.

41. The method of claim 2 , wherein the hyaluronidase polypeptide consists of the sequence of amino acids set forth in any of SEQ ID NOS: 4-9, or consists of a sequence of amino acids that exhibits at least 95% sequence identity to any of SEQ ID NOS: 4-9.

42. The method of claim 16 , wherein:

the adverse musculoskeletal effect results from administering the hyaluronidase in an amount that is between 0.1 μg/kg to 1 mg/kg, inclusive, of the mass of the subject to whom it is administered; and

the amount of hyaluronidase administered is between 0.1 μg/kg to 1 mg/kg, inclusive, of the mass of the subject to whom it is administered.

43. The method of claim 16 , wherein the hyaluronidase polypeptide consists of the sequence of amino acids set forth in any of SEQ ID NOS: 4-9, or consists of a sequence of amino acids that exhibits at least 95% sequence identity to any of SEQ ID NOS: 4-9.

44. The method of claim 22 , wherein:

the adverse musculoskeletal effect results from administering the hyaluronidase in an amount that is between 0.1 μg/kg to 1 mg/kg, inclusive, of the mass of the subject to whom it is administered; and

the amount of hyaluronidase administered is between 0.1 μg/kg to 1 mg/kg, inclusive, of the mass of the subject to whom it is administered.

45. The method of claim 22 , wherein the hyaluronidase polypeptide consists of the sequence of amino acids set forth in any of SEQ ID NOS: 4-9, or consists of a sequence of amino acids that exhibits at least 95% sequence identity to any of SEQ ID NOS: 4-9.

46. The method of claim 2 , wherein the glucocorticoid is administered orally.

47. The method of claim 16 , wherein the glucocorticoid is administered orally.

48. The method of claim 22 , wherein the glucocorticoid is administered orally.

49. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is identified as having an adverse musculoskeletal effect or having had an adverse musculoskeletal effect from a previous administration of the hyaluronidase.

50. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adverse musculoskeletal effect is musculoskeletal pain.

51. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adverse musculoskeletal effect is difficulty standing or difficulty walking or both.

52. The method of claim 1 , wherein the glucocorticoid is administered to the human subject before the hyaluronidase.

53. The method of claim 52 , wherein the glucocorticoid is dexamethasone.

54. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adverse musculoskeletal effect is Grade 4.

55. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adverse musculoskeletal effect is ongoing or persistent Grade 2 toxicity that fails to resolve over a course of treatment with the hyaluronidase and that limits the ability of the subject to comply with the hyaluronidase therapy.

56. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adverse musculoskeletal effect is Grade 3.

57. The method of claim 2 , wherein the adverse musculoskeletal effect is Grade 4.

58. The method of claim 2 , wherein the adverse musculoskeletal effect is ongoing or persistent Grade 2 toxicity that fails to resolve over a course of treatment with the hyaluronidase and that limits the ability of the subject to comply with the hyaluronidase therapy.

59. The method of claim 2 , wherein the adverse musculoskeletal effect is Grade 3.

60. The method of claim 16 , wherein the adverse musculoskeletal effect is Grade 4.

61. The method of claim 16 , wherein the adverse musculoskeletal effect is ongoing or persistent Grade 2 toxicity that fails to resolve over a course of treatment with the hyaluronidase and that limits the ability of the subject to comply with the hyaluronidase therapy.

62. The method of claim 16 , wherein the adverse musculoskeletal effect is Grade 3.

63. The method of claim 22 , wherein the adverse musculoskeletal effect is Grade 3.

64. The method of claim 22 , wherein the adverse musculoskeletal effect is Grade 4.

65. The method of claim 22 , wherein the adverse musculoskeletal effect is ongoing or persistent Grade 2 toxicity that fails to resolve over a course of treatment with the hyaluronidase and that limits the ability of the subject to comply with the hyaluronidase therapy.

66. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hyaluronidase is administered intravenously.

67. The method of claim 2 , wherein the hyaluronidase is administered intravenously.

68. The method of claim 22 , wherein the hyaluronidase is administered intravenously.