Method for analyzing analyte concentration in a liquid sample

1. A method for analyzing concentration of an analyte in a liquid sample applied to a biosensor, comprising:

applying a voltage pulse to the liquid sample applied to the biosensor, the voltage pulse having a pulse width of not greater than 10 −3 second;

monitoring a response current, which is produced in response to the voltage pulse and between electrodes of the biosensor due to the capacitance effect, within the pulse width via the electrodes of the biosensor;

analyzing the response current that is correlated to the concentration of the analyte in the liquid sample;

performing integration computational processing on the response current with respect to the pulse width; and

performing arithmetic computational processing to divide entries of the response current by a maximum value of the response current, and performing integration computational processing on results of the arithmetic computational processing with respect to the pulse width.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pulse width of the voltage pulse ranges from 2 μs to 100 μs.

3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the pulse width of the voltage pulse ranges from 30 μs to 60 μs.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrodes of the biosensor include a pair of spaced-apart electrodes each having a metal reactive layer thereon, and the metal reactive layer of at least one of the electrodes has a receptor immobilized thereon for specific binding of the analyte.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the metal reactive layer of each of the electrodes includes gold.

6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the metal reactive layer of each of the electrodes includes gold nano-particles.

7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the metal reactive layers of the electrodes face each other.

8. The method of claim 4 , wherein the metal reactive layers of the electrodes are arranged in a coplanar manner.

9. The method of claim 4 , wherein the receptor includes DNA.

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the receptor includes duplex DNA molecules.

11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the receptor includes a protein.

12. The method of claim 4 , wherein the analyte is a protein.

13. The method of claim 4 , wherein the analyte is a chemical compound.

14. The method of claim 4 , wherein the biosensor further comprises an auxiliary electrode having a metal reactive layer thereon, wherein one of the pair of spaced-apart electrodes is placed beside the auxiliary electrode with a portion of the metal reactive layer thereof physically and electrically contacting the metal reactive layer of the auxiliary electrode.