Composition for forming solar cell electrode and electrode produced from same
A composition for solar cell electrodes and electrodes fabricated using the same. The composition includes silver powder; fumed silica; a glass frit; and an organic vehicle. The composition has improved contact efficiency between electrodes and a silicon wafer by introducing specific fumed silica. Solar cell electrodes fabricated using the composition exhibit minimized serial resistance, thereby providing excellent fill factor and conversion efficiency.
1. A composition for solar cell electrodes, the composition comprising:
about 60 wt % to about 95 wt % of silver powder;
0.01 wt % to 0.1 wt % of fumed silica;
about 0.5 wt % to about 20 wt % of glass frit; and
about 1 wt % to about 30 wt % or organic vehicle,
wherein the glass frit includes at least one of a Pb—Si—Al—O glass frit, a Pb—Te—O glass frit, a Pb—Te—Bi—O glass frit, and a Bi—Te—O glass frit.
2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the fumed silica has a specific surface area (BET) of about 20 m 2 /g to about 300 m 2 /g.
3. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the glass frit is a Bi—Te—O glass frit having a mole ratio of Bi to Te of about 1:0.1 to about 1:50.
4. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the glass frit further includes at least one of germanium (Ge) oxide, gallium (Ga) oxide, boron (B) oxide, cerium (Ce) oxide, iron (Fe) oxide, silicon (Si) oxide, zinc (Zn) oxide, tantalum (Ta) oxide, gadolinium (Gd) oxide, antimony (Sb) oxide, lanthanum (La) oxide, neodymium (Nd) oxide, selenium (Se) oxide, yttrium (Y) oxide, phosphorus (P) oxide, chromium (Cr) oxide, lithium (Li) oxide, tungsten (W) oxide, magnesium (Mg) oxide, cesium (Cs) oxide, strontium (Sr) oxide, molybdenum (Mo) oxide, titanium (Ti) oxide, tin (Sn) oxide, indium (In) oxide, vanadium (V) oxide, barium (Ba) oxide, nickel (Ni) oxide, copper (Cu) oxide, sodium (Na) oxide, potassium (K) oxide, arsenic (As) oxide, cobalt (Co) oxide, zirconium (Zr) oxide, manganese (Mn) oxide, and aluminum (Al) oxide.
5. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the glass frit has an average particle diameter D50 from about 0.1 μm to about 20 μm.
6. The composition according to claim 1 , further comprising: at least one of a dispersant, a thixotropic agent, a plasticizer, a viscosity stabilizer, an anti-foaming agent, a pigment, a UV stabilizer, an antioxidant, or a coupling agent.
7. A solar cell electrode prepared from the composition for solar cell electrodes according to claim 1 .
8. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the fumed silica is present in an amount of 0.01 wt % to less than 0.1 wt %, based on a total weight of the composition.