Isolated and fixed micro and nano structures and methods thereof
Discrete micro and nanoscale particles are formed in predetermined shapes and sizes and predetermined size dispersions. The particles can also be attached to a film to form arrays of particles on a film. The particles are formed from molding techniques that can include high throughput and continuous particle molding.
1. A delivery device, comprising:
a dissolvable substrate of a first material, wherein the dissolvable substrate is dissolvable in biological fluids; and
a plurality of substantially monodisperse particles configured from a second material;
wherein, each particle of the plurality has (i) an engineered shape bounded by six substantially planar surfaces that each span respective entire sides of the particle and (ii) a maximum cross-sectional dimension of less than about 10 micrometers;
wherein the plurality of substantially monodisperse particles are coupled with the dissolvable substrate in a substantially predetermined orientation; and
wherein the second material comprises a therapeutically or pharmaceutically active agent dispersed throughout the entire particle.
2. The delivery device of claim 1 , wherein the maximum cross-sectional dimension is between about 5 nanometers and about 5 micrometers.
3. The delivery device of claim 1 , wherein the maximum cross-sectional dimension is less than about 500 nanometers.
4. The delivery device of claim 1 , wherein said delivery device has a modulus from about 0.1 MPa to about 500 MPa.
5. The delivery device of claim 1 , wherein the dissolvable substrate comprises a thickness of about twice a dimension of a particle of the plurality of particles.
6. The delivery device of claim 1 , further comprising a second plurality of particles of a second size coupled with the dissolvable substrate.
7. The delivery device of claim 1 , further comprising a second plurality of particles of a second shape coupled with the dissolvable substrate.
8. The delivery device of claim 1 , further comprising an agent configured to couple the plurality of substantially monodisperse particles with the dissolvable substrate by interactions selected from the group consisting of covalent bonding, ionic bonding, electrostatic binding, surface energy, hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, other intra- and inter-molecular forces, adhesives, and a magnetic force.
9. The delivery device of claim 1 , wherein said plurality of substantially monodisperse particles are arranged in a substantially ordered array.
10. The delivery device of claim 1 , wherein said dissolvable substrate is a sugar-based dissolvable film.
11. The delivery device of claim 10 , wherein said film is a sugar sheet comprising pullulan, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, polyethylene glycol, xanthan gum, tragacanth gum, guar gum, acacia gum, arabic gum, polyacrylic acid, methylmethacrylate copolymer, carboxyvinyl polymer, amylose, high amylose starch, hydroxypropylated high amylose starch, dextrin, pectin, chitin, chitosan, levan, elsinan, collagen, gelatin, zein, gluten, soy protein isolate, whey protein isolate and/or casein, or combinations thereof.