Preservation and reconstitution of cell-free protein expression systems

1. A method of preserving a cell-free protein expression system, comprising:

extracting cellular components necessary for protein expression from a whole cell to create a cell extract;

dissolving trehalose in the cell extract to provide a cell extract solution;

filtering the cell extract solution or adding a first anti-fouling agent to the cell extract solution to prevent fouling of the cell extract solution;

preserving the cell extract solution by drying the cell extract solution in an incubator to provide a preserved cell extract, wherein the preserved cell extract is stable for at least three months at 37° C. temperature;

dissolving trehalose in a reaction buffer to provide a reaction buffer solution;

filtering the reaction buffer solution or adding a second anti-fouling agent to the reaction buffer solution to prevent fouling of the reaction buffer solution;

preserving the reaction buffer by drying the reaction buffer solution in an incubator to provide a preserved reaction buffer; and

storing an energy source in a dry form to provide a preserved energy source,

wherein the cell extract, the reaction buffer, and the energy source are preserved separately in a dry form and the preserved cell extract, preserved reaction buffer, and preserved energy source are components of the cell-free protein expression system.

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first anti-fouling agent or the second anti-fouling agent comprises an RNAse inhibitor or an antibiotic.

3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cell extract is a bacterial cell extract, a yeast cell extract, a fungal cell extract, an archaeal cell extract, a plant cell extract, a mammalian cell extract, an insect cell extract, or a combination of purified proteins.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cell extract is an Escherichia coli cell extract, a Saccharomyces cerevisae cell extract, a wheat germ cell extract, a reticulocyte cell extract, a HeLa cell extract, a Spodoptera fruigiperda cell extract, or a Trichoplusia ni cell extract.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reaction buffer further comprises one or more stabilizing agents, expression enhancing agents, salts, enzymes, or any combination thereof.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the stabilizing agent is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid, bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino-tris(hydroxymethyl)methane, polyethylene glycol, spermidine, putrescine, a chaperon, a detergent, or any combination thereof.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the energy source is at least one of: creatine phosphate, phosphoenol pyruvate, pyruvate, glutamate, acetyl phosphate, glucose, glucose-6-phosphate, maltodextrin, acetate phosphate, 3-phosphoglycerate, fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate.

8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising reconstituting the cell-free protein expression system via:

adding water to the preserved cell extract to create a rehydrated cell extract;

adding water to the preserved reaction buffer to create a rehydrated reaction buffer; and

combining the rehydrated cell extract, the rehydrated reaction buffer, the preserved energy source, and an expression construct to provide a reconstituted cell-free protein expression system.

9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the reconstituted cell-free protein expression system performs transcription and translation.

10. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the reconstituted cell-free protein expression system is stable at 37° C. in a standard atmosphere and without oxygen control or humidity control.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reaction buffer solution comprises at least one of: adenosine triphosphate (ATP), guanosine-5′-triphosphate (GTP), cytidine triphosphate (CTP), or uridine-5′-triphosphate (UTP).

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein drying the cell extract solution further comprises drying aliquots of the cell extract solution on a sheet in the incubator at 37° C., wherein the aliquots of the cell extract solution range in volume from 5 μL-35 μL.

13. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

storing the preserved cell extract and the preserved reaction buffer for eight months;

reconstituting the preserved cell extract and preserved reaction buffer with water;

combining the reconstituted cell extract at a final concentration of 27% v/v, the reconstituted reaction buffer, an amount of magnesium acetate at a final concentration of 16 mM, and an amount of creatine phosphate at a final concentration of 67 mM to create a solution; and

expressing mRNA or proteins when the solution is combined with a DNA molecule that codes for the production of mRNA or proteins in the presence of transcription or translation machinery.