Continuous preparation of ethylene homopolymers or copolymers
The invention relates to a process for the continuous preparation of ethylene homopolymers or copolymers in the presence of free-radical polymerization initiators and, if desired, molecular weight regulators at from 120° C. to 350° C. and pressures in the range from 100 to 4000 bar, in which the polymer is separated from unpolymerized ethylene in a high-pressure stage at a pressure of from 100 to 500 bar and at least one low-pressure stage at a pressure of from 1 to 100 bar and the ethylene separated off in the high-pressure stage is separated from remaining monomeric, oligomeric and/or polymeric constituents and recirculated to the inlet of the tube reactor in a high-pressure circuit and the ethylene separated off in the low-pressure stage is separated from remaining monomeric, oligomeric and/or polymeric constituents and recirculated to the inlet of the tube reactor in a low-pressure circuit. The initiator is used as a solution in an isoparaffinic solvent having a boiling point of not more than 160° C. and the solvent is separated from the other monomeric, oligomeric and/or polymeric constituents in the low-pressure circuit. The solvent is then, if appropriate after being admixed with fresh solvent, reused for dissolving initiator.
1. A process for continuously preparing an ethylene homopolymer or copolymer in a high-pressure tube reactor in presence of at least one free-radical polymerization initiator and, optionally, a least one molecular weight regulator at from 120° C. to 350° C. and a pressure from 1000 to 4000 bar, wherein the ethylene homopolymer or copolymer is separated from unpolymerized ethylene and optionally from comonomers in a high-pressure stage at a pressure from 100 to 500 bar and at least one low-pressure stage at a pressure from 1 to 100 bar, the unpolymerized ethylene separated off in the high-pressure stage is separated from any remaining monomeric, oligomeric and/or polymeric constituents and is re-circulated to a first inlet of the tube reactor in a high-pressure circuit, and the unpolymerized ethylene separated off in the low-pressure stage is separated from any remaining monomeric, oligomeric and/or polymeric constituents and is re-circulated to a second inlet of the tube reactor in a low-pressure circuit, wherein the free-radical polymerization initiator is used as a solution in an isoparaffinic solvent, the isoparaffinic solvent comprising a boiling point equal to or less than 160° C., and the isoparaffinic solvent is separated from the monomeric, oligomeric and/or polymeric constituents in the low-pressure circuit, and the isoparaffinic solvent is reused for dissolving the free-radical polymerization initiator.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the isoparaffinic solvent is separated off in the low-pressure circuit by means of at least one first gas-liquid separator and at least one last gas-liquid separator connected in series, with the temperature being reduced from separator to separator so that the monomeric, oligomeric or polymeric constituents are separated out in a first gas-liquid separator and the isoparaffinic solvent is essentially separated out as liquid in a last gas-liquid separator.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the isoparaffinic solvent has a boiling point equal to or less than 150° C.
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the isoparaffinic solvent has a boiling point equal to or less than 135° C.
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the isoparaffinic solvent which has been separated off is used without further purification for dissolving the free-radical polymerization initiator.
6. The process of claim 2 , wherein the pressure upstream of the last gas-liquid separator is increased such that the isoparaffinic solvent condenses while ethylene monomer is in a gaseous state.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the isoparaffinic solvent has a spontaneous ignition temperature of at least 250° C.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the isoparaffinic solvent has a spontaneous ignition temperature of at least 300° C.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the isoparaffinic solvent is a mixture of which at least one isoparaffin has a boiling point from 100 to 150° C.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the isoparaffinic solvent is a mixture of which at least one isoparaffin has a boiling point from 110 to 140° C.