High-intensity focused-ultrasound hydrophone
Methods and systems are disclosed for providing a self contained hydrophone for measuring characteristics of HIFU fields. HIFU field characteristics are measured using transducer elements receiving reflected and or scattered HIFU fields scattered from an integrated scattering device and providing for use of more responsive piezoelectric materials. The transducer element and/or elements are configured in the integrated hydrophone to provide for in-phase reception of HIFU waves scattered from the scattering device. A positioning mechanism may be used that with the use of the transducer element and/or transducer elements as pulse-echo devices may provide for tuning of the integrated HIFU hydrophone. Further, the integrated structure of the hydrophone may be sealed to provide for use of cavitation mitigating liquids.
1 . A self-contained hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields, comprising:
a first impermeable barrier transparent to high intensity ultrasonic fields;
a second impermeable barrier transparent to high intensity ultrasonic fields;
means for supporting comprising an inner surface and two ends, wherein a first end of the means for supporting is coupled with the first impermeable barrier and a second end of the means for supporting is coupled with the second impermeable barrier, and wherein the inner surface, the first impermeable barrier and the second impermeable barrier define an interior sealed volume;
means for transducing acoustic energy to electrical energy, wherein the means for transducing is supported by the inner surface of the means for supporting; and
means for scattering ultrasound wave energy a portion of which is disposed within the interior sealed volume.
2 . The self-contained hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 1 , wherein the means for transducing is substantially spherically curved in shape.
3 . The self-contained hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:
means for reducing cavitation of the scattering means disposed within the interior sealed volume.
4 . The self-contained hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:
means for driving the means for transducing to produce acoustic energy waves;
means for identifying a strength of an electronic signal produced by the means for transducing in response to reception of the acoustic energy waves; and
means for moving the means for scattering within the interior sealed volume.
5 . The self-contained hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:
second means for transducing acoustic energy to electrical energy supported on the interior surface, wherein the first means for transducing and the second means for transducing are positioned substantially equidistant from the portion of the means for scattering disposed within the interior sealed volume.
6 . The self-contained hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 5 , further comprising:
means for driving the first means for transducing to produce acoustic energy waves;
means for identifying strength of electronic signals produced by the first transducing means and the second transducing means in response to reception of the acoustic energy waves; and
means for moving the scattering means within the interior sealed volume.
7 . A self-contained, wide bandwidth hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields, comprising:
a shell structure substantially spherically curved about a center point and defining a sphere with one or more truncated ends, wherein the shell structure has an interior surface defining an interior volume and the one or more truncated ends define at least one opening in the shell structure providing access to the interior volume;
a plurality of transducer elements coupled with the interior surface; and
a reflective scatterer coupled with the shell structure and configured to provide that a part of the reflective scatterer is located at the center point.
8 . The self-contained, wide bandwidth hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 7 , wherein each of the plurality of the transducer elements comprise a piezopolymer material.
9 . The self-contained, wide bandwidth hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 7 , wherein each of the plurality of the transducer elements comprise polyvinylidene difluoride.
10 . The self-contained, wide bandwidth hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 7 , wherein the reflective scatterer comprises a fiber-optic glass fiber.
11 . A self-contained, wide bandwidth hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields, comprising:
a shell structure substantially spherically curved about a center point and defining a sphere with two truncated ends;
a first and a second membrane at each of the two truncated ends, wherein the first and the second membranes are transparent to high intensity ultrasonic fields and the shell structure and the acoustically transparent membranes define an interior sealed volume;
two or more transducer elements coupled with an inner surface of the shell structure, wherein each of the two or more transducer elements conform to the substantially spherically curved shape of the inner surface; and
a reflective scatterer coupled with the shell structure, wherein a portion of the reflective scatterer is positioned at the center point.
12 . The self-contained, wide bandwidth hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 11 , wherein at least one of the first and second membranes is substantially planar.
13 . The self-contained, wide bandwidth hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 11 , wherein the first and second membranes define substantially parallel planes.
14 . The self-contained, wide bandwidth hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 11 , wherein the reflective scatterer is tapered in shape and a tapered end of the reflective scatterer comprises the portion of the reflective scatterer positioned at the center point.
15 . The self-contained, wide bandwidth hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 11 , further comprising:
a pulse circuit connected to each of the two or more transducer elements and configured to drive each of the two or more transducer elements to produce an acoustic signal:
a reception circuit connected to each of the two or more transducer elements and configured to identify strength of the acoustic signal received by each of the transducer elements; and
a positioning mechanism attached to the reflective scatterer and configured to move the reflective scatterer.
16 . The self-contained, wide bandwidth hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 11 , wherein each of the two or more transducer elements comprises a piezopolymer material.
17 . The self-contained, wide bandwidth hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 11 , wherein each of the two or more transducer elements comprises polyvinylidene difluoride.
18 . The self-contained, wide bandwidth hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 11 , wherein the reflective scatterer comprises a one of a tapered glass rod and a fiber optic glass fiber.
19 . The self-contained, wide bandwidth hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 11 , further comprising:
a cavitation mitigating liquid disposed within the interior sealed volume.
20 . A method for measuring a high intensity ultrasonic field, comprising:
transmitting the high intensity ultrasonic field onto a reflective scatterer;
scattering and reflecting the high intensity ultrasonic field from a portion of a reflective scatterer;
receiving the scattered and reflected high intensity ultrasonic field at a plurality of transducer elements, wherein the transducer elements are arranged to be equidistant from the portion of the reflective scatterer;
receiving an electrical signal from each of the plurality of transducer elements; and
measuring a combined value of the electrical signals.
21 . The method for measuring a high intensity ultrasonic field as recited in claim 20 , wherein each of the plurality of transducer elements is substantially spherically curved in shape and the portion of the reflective scatterer is located at a center point of the plurality of transducer elements.
22 . The method for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 20 , further comprising:
driving a one of the plurality of transducer elements with an electric field to produce an acoustic pulse wave;
receiving an output from each of the plurality of the transducer elements in response to the acoustic pulse wave;
combining the outputs
moving the reflective scatterer; and
fixing a position the reflective scatterer when the combined outputs are a maximum.
23 . The method for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 20 , further comprising:
disposing a cavitation mitigating liquid in contact with the portion of the reflective scatterer.
24 . The method for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 20 , further comprising:
disposing a cavitation mitigating liquid in contact with each of the plurality of transducer elements.
25 . The method for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 20 , further comprising:
monitoring resistance change across each of the plurality of transducer elements.
26 . A method for providing a self-contained hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields, comprising:
providing a first acoustic window, wherein the first acoustic window is transparent to the high intensity ultrasonic fields;
providing a second acoustic window, wherein the second acoustic window is transparent to the high intensity ultrasonic fields;
providing a shell structure wherein the shell structure is spherically curved about a center point and defines a sphere with a first truncated end and a second truncated end;
coupling the first acoustic window with the first truncated end and coupling the second acoustic window with the second truncated end, wherein the shell structure and the first and the second acoustic window define an interior sealed volume;
coupling a first transducer element to an interior surface of the shell structure inside the interior sealed volume, wherein the transducer element is substantially spherically curved in shape around the center point; and
positioning an end of a reflective scatterer within the interior sealed volume at the center point.
27 . The method for providing the self-contained hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 26 , further comprising:
providing a driving circuit configured to drive the transducer element to produce acoustic waves; and
providing a receiving circuit configured to provide an output corresponding to strength of the acoustic waves received by the transducer element.
28 . The method for providing the self-contained hydrophone for measuring high intensity ultrasonic fields as recited in claim 26 , further comprising:
filling the interior sealed volume with a cavitation mitigating liquid.