Diagnostic markers of wound infection III
The present invention relates to a method of diagnosis or prognosis of a mammalian wound infection, said method comprising the step of measuring the level of at least one cell surface receptor in a sample of wound fluid. The preferred cell surface receptors are Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM 1) and Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-2 (TNF-RII). The present invention also provides devices (e.g. biosensors) for use in such methods, and methods and products for diagnosing and treating infected wounds.
1 . A method of diagnosis or prognosis of a mammalian wound infection, said method comprising the step of measuring the level of at least one cell surface receptor in a sample of wound fluid.
2 . A method according to claim 1 wherein the cell surface receptor is selected from the group consisting of ICAM 1, TNF-RII, and combinations thereof.
3 . A method according to claim 2 wherein the method is an in vitro method carried out on a sample of wound fluid that has been removed from a patient.
4 . A method according to claim 2 , wherein said step of measuring comprises contacting the sample of wound fluid with an immunological binding partner for a cell surface receptor.
5 . A method according to claim 4 , further comprising comparing the measured level of said one or more cell surface receptors in said sample of wound fluid with a reference level characteristic of a non-infected wound.
6 . A method according to claim 5 , wherein the method comprises sampling the wound fluid at intervals of from about 1 hour to about 24 hours and measuring the level of said one or more cell surface receptors in the samples obtained at said intervals.
7 . A method according to claim 5 , wherein the method further comprises measuring a total protein content of the wound fluid and normalising the measured levels of said one or more cell surface receptors to constant total protein content.
8 . A method for the treatment of a mammalian wound comprising the steps of measuring the level of one or more cell surface receptors selected from the group consisting of ICAM 1, TNF-RII in a sample of wound fluid, and applying an antimicrobial wound dressing to the wound selectively if the presence or level of said marker is indicative of wound infection wherein the step of measuring the level of one or more cell surface receptors comprises contacting the sample of wound fluid with an immunological binding partner for a cell surface receptor comparing the measured level of said one or more cell surface receptors in said sample of wound fluid with a reference level characteristic of a non-infected wound.
9 . A method according to claim 8 , further comprising applying a wound dressing that is substantially free of antimicrobial agents to the wound if the said presence or level is indicative of absence of wound infection.
10 . A method according to claim 8 , wherein the method comprises sampling the wound fluid at intervals, for example at intervals of from 1 hour to 24 hours, and selecting an antimicrobial or non-antimicrobial dressing to treat the wound at said intervals in response to the measured presence or level of said marker.
11 . A method according to claim 10 , wherein the antimicrobial wound dressing is applied to the wound if said level is increasing over time, and the non-antimicrobial dressing is applied to the wound if said level is decreasing over time.