Method and apparatus for low chirp transmitter for optical fiber communications
A directly modulated optical transmitter for use with a fiber optical communications system operating in the 1550 nm wavelength band exhibits very low chirp. The chirp inherently present in a directly modulated laser is cancelled by a phase modulator which optically modulates the directly modulated laser light beam by applying a 180° phase delay to a split-off portion of the input radio frequency signal. This provides a low cost transmitter capable of operating in the 1550 nm band and with laser chirp effectively cancelled or substantially reduced, thereby avoiding distortions due to laser chirp interactions with the downstream optical fiber.
1. An optical transmitter comprising:
a source of coherent light;
an input terminal adapted to receive a radio frequency signal and coupled to drive the source of coherent light with the radio frequency signal;
an optical modulator coupled to modulate a phase of the coherent light;
an integrating element having transfer characteristics to cancel chirp induced by the source of coherent light and coupled to receive a portion of the radio frequency signal from the input terminal; and
a delay element coupled to an output terminal of the integrating element, and having an output terminal coupled to control the optical modulator, wherein the integrating element and delay element change a phase of the portion of the radio frequency signal by approximately 180° to cancel or reduce, in conjunction with the optical modulator, the chirp induced by the source of coherent light.
2. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the source of coherent light includes a laser or laser diode.
3. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the coherent light has a wavelength in the band of 1550 mn.
4. The transmitter of claim 1 , further comprising:
an SBS suppression tone generator; and
a diplexer element coupled to receive the SBS suppression tone and coupled to the output terminal of the delay element, and having an output terminal coupled to control the optical modulator.
5. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the radio frequency signal is an analog video signal.
6. The transmitter of claim 5 , wherein the radio frequency signal is a composite of a plurality of signals of differing frequencies.
7. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the radio frequency signal is a digital signal.
8. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the optical modulator is a crystal type or a semiconductor type.
9. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the source of coherent light and the optical modulator are in a single package.
10. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the delay element includes a variable delay element coupled to a gain amplifier.
11. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein an electrical path length of the radio frequency signal from the input terminal to the source of coherent light is of the same length as that of the portion of the radio frequency signal from the input terminal to the optical modulator.
12. The transmitter of claim 1 , further comprising:
a second source of coherent light;
a second input terminal adapted to receive a second radio frequency signal and coupled to drive the second source of coherent light;
wherein the input terminal is also coupled to drive the second source of coherent light; and
an optical multiplexer coupled to combine the coherent light from both sources of coherent light and transmit the combined coherent light to the optical modulator.
13. The transmitter of claim 12 , further comprising a third input terminal adapted to receive a third radio frequency signal differing in its information content from that of the second radio frequency signal and also coupled to drive the source of coherent light.
14. The transmitter of claim 12 , wherein the second radio frequency signal is a quadrature amplitude modulation signal.
15. A method of transmitting an optical signal, comprising the acts of:
providing coherent light from a source;
receiving a radio frequency signal;
coupling the radio frequency signal to drive the source of coherent light;
integrating a portion of the received radio frequency signal by an integrating element having transfer characteristics to cancel chirp induced by the source of coherent light;
delaying the integrated portion of the radio frequency signal; and
applying the delayed portion of the radio frequency signal to optically modulate a phase of the coherent light, wherein the integrating and delaying change a phase of the portion of the radio frequency signal by approximately 180° at the optical modulation to cancel or reduce the chirp induced by the source of coherent light.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the source of coherent light includes a laser or laser diode.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the coherent light has a wavelength in the band of 1550 nm.
18. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
generating an SBS suppression tone; and
combining using a diplexer the SBS suppression tone and the delayed radio frequency signal.
19. The method of claim 15 , wherein the radio frequency signal is an analog video signal.
20. The method of claim 15 , wherein the radio frequency signal is a composite of a plurality of signals of differing frequencies.
21. The method of claim 15 , wherein the radio frequency signal is a digital signal.
22. The method of claim 15 , wherein the optical modulating is by a crystal type or a semiconductor type modulator.
23. The method of claim 15 , wherein the source of coherent light and the optical modulating are performed in a single package.
24. The method of claim 15 , wherein the delaying is by a variable delay amplifier.
25. The method of claim 15 , wherein an electrical path length of the radio frequency signal from an input terminal to the source of coherent light is of the same length as that of the portion of the radio frequency signal from the input terminal to the point of optical modulating.
26. The method of claim 15 , further comprising the acts of:
providing a second radio frequency signal and coherent light from a second source;
coupling the radio frequency signal and the second radio frequency signal to drive the second source of coherent light; and
optically modulating a phase of the coherent light from the second source of coherent light using the delayed portion of the radio frequency signal.
27. The method of claim 26 , wherein the second radio frequency signal is a quadrature amplitude modulation signal.
28. An optical transmitter comprising:
a plurality of sources of coherent light;
a first input terminal adapted to receive a first radio frequency signal and coupled to drive each of the sources of coherent light;
an additional input terminal associated with each of the sources of coherent light and each adapted to receive an additional respective radio frequency signal each having differing information content from one another and coupled to drive the associated source of coherent light with the respective additional radio frequency signal;
an optical multiplexer coupled to each source of coherent light;
an optical modulator coupled to modulate a phase of the light output from the optical multiplexer;
an integrating element having transfer characteristics to cancel chirp induced by the sources of coherent light and coupled to receive a portion of the radio frequency signals from the input terminal; and
a delay element coupled to an output terminal of the integrating element, and having an output terminal coupled to control the optical modulator, wherein the integrating element and delay element change a phase of the portion of the radio frequency signal by approximately 180° to cancel or reduce, in conjunction with the optical modulator, the chirp induced by the sources of coherent light.