Branched polysiloxane of reduced molecular weight and viscosity
The invention relates to a branched polysiloxane composition of reduced molecular weight and viscosity of particular use as mist suppressants in silicone-based paper release coatings. The invention also relates to methods for producing these branched polysiloxane compositions of reduced viscosity.
1 . A branched polysiloxane composition which comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of:
i) branched fragmented polyorganosiloxane, the polysiloxane resulting from reacting under hydrosilylation reaction conditions a mixture comprising:
a) at least one compound containing on average at least two unsaturated sites per molecule, and
b) at least one polyorganosiloxane containing on average at least two silylhydride functional groups per molecule,
provided, that at least one of (a) and/or (b) is fragmented by shearing prior to and/or during the hydrosilylation reaction and/or the polyorganosiloxane resulting from the hydrosilylation reaction is fragmented by shearing to provide the branched fragmented polyorganosiloxane;
ii) branched fragmented polyorganosiloxane, the polysiloxane resulting from equilibrating under equilibration conditions at least two polyoganosiloxanes selected from the group consisting of cyclic, linear and branched polyorganosiloxanes, provided, that at least one polyorganosiloxane is fragmented by shearing prior to and/or during equilibrating and/or the polyorganosiloxane resulting from equilibration is fragmented by shearing to provide the branched fragmented polyorganosiloxane; and,
iii) branched fragmented polyorganosiloxane, the polysiloxane resulting from copolymerization under condensation conditions of at least one polyorganosiloxane containing at least two functional groups, provided, that at least one polyorganosiloxane is fragmented by shearing prior to and/or during copolymerization and/or the polyorganosiloxane resulting from copolymerization is fragmented by shearing to provide the branched fragmented polyorganosiloxane.
2 . The branched polysiloxane composition of claim 1 wherein compound (a) is at least one polyorganosiloxane containing on average at least two unsaturated sites per molecule.
3 . The branched polysiloxane composition of claim 1 wherein branched fragmented polyorganosiloxane iii) results from copolymerization under condensation conditions of at least one polyorganosiloxane containing at least two functional groups and at least one compound with at least two functional groups, provided, that at least one polyorganosiloxane and/or compound is fragmented by shearing prior to and/or during copolymerization and/or the copolymerized polyorganosiloxane is fragmented by shearing to provide the branched fragmented polyorganosiloxane.
4 . The branched polysiloxane composition of claim 1 wherein at least one compound (a) or polyorganosiloxane (b) contains at least six functional groups per molecule.
5 . The branched polysiloxane composition of claim 3 wherein at least one polyorganosiloxane or compound contains at least six functional groups per molecule.
6 . The branched polysiloxane composition of claim 1 wherein at least one compound (a) or polyorganosiloxane (b) has more functional groups than the other and is present in a molar amount equal to or lower than the molar amount of the other.
7 . The branched polysiloxane composition of claim 3 wherein at least one polyorganosiloxane or compound has more functional groups than the other and is present in a molar amount equal to or lower than the molar amount of the other.
8 . The branched polysiloxane composition of claim 1 wherein the unsaturated sites of (a) are in a molar ratio to silylhydride functional groups of (b) within a range of about (6−s):1 or about 1:(1+t) where s represents a number equal to or greater than 0 and less than 5, and t represents a number greater than 0 and equal to or less than 5.
9 . The branched polysiloxane composition of claim 3 wherein the functional groups of the polyorganosiloxane are in a molar ratio to the functional groups of the compound within a range of about (6−s):1 or about 1:(1+t) where s represents a number equal to or greater than 0 and less than 5, and t represents a number greater than 0 and equal to or less than 5.
10 . The branched polysiloxane composition of claim 1 wherein the unsaturated sites of (a) are in a molar ratio to silylhydride functional groups of (b) within a range according to a formula (4.6−s):1 or 1 (1+s) where s represents a number greater than 0 and less than 3.6.
11 . The branched polysiloxane composition of claim 3 wherein the functional groups of polyorganosiloxane are in a molar ratio to the functional groups of the compound within a range according to a formula (4.6−s):1 or 1:(1+s) where s represents a number greater than 0 and less than 3.6.
12 . The branched polysiloxane composition of claim 1 wherein the unsaturated sites of (a) are in a molar ratio to silylhydride functional groups of (b) within a range according to a formula (4.25−s):1 or 1:(1+t) where s represents a number equal to or greater than 0 and less than 3.25, and t represents a number greater than 0 and equal to or less than 3.25.
13 . The branched polysiloxane composition of claim 3 wherein the functional groups of polyorganosiloxane are in a molar ratio to the functional groups of the compound within a range according to a formula (4.25−s):1 or 1:(1+t) where s represents a number equal to or greater than 0 and less than 3.25, and t represents a number greater than 0 and equal to or less than 3.25.
14 . The branched polysiloxane composition of claim 1 wherein the unsaturated sites of (a) are in a molar ratio to silylhydride functional groups of (b) within a range according to a formula (4.6−s):1 where s represents a number greater than 0 and less than 3.6.
15 . The branched polysiloxane composition of claim 3 wherein the functional groups of polyorganosiloxane are in a molar ratio to the functional groups of the compound within a range according to a formula (4.6−s):1 where s represents a number greater than 0 and less than 3.6.
16 . The branched polysiloxane composition of claim 1 wherein the unsaturated sites of (a) are in a molar ratio to silylhydride functional groups of (b) within a range of about 4.5:1 to about 2:1.
17 . The branched polysiloxane composition of claim 3 wherein the functional groups of polyorganosiloxane are in a molar ratio to the functional groups of the compound within a range of about 4.5:1 to about 2:1.
18 . The branched polysiloxane composition of claim 1 wherein the shearing is performed, optionally, with a diluent possessing a viscosity greater than about 100 cSt.
19 . The branched polysiloxane composition of claim 1 having reduced molecular weight and viscosity as compared to polysiloxane not fragmented by shearing.
20 . A method for making a branched polysiloxane which comprises:
i) reacting under hydrosilylation reaction conditions a mixture comprising:
a) at least one compound containing on average at least two unsaturated sites per molecule, and
b) at least one polyorganosiloxane containing on average at least two silylhydride functional groups per molecule, and
ii) fragmenting by shearing at least one of (a) and/or (b) prior to and/or during the hydrosilylation reaction and/or the polyorganosiloxane resulting from the hydrosilylation reaction.
21 . The method of claim 20 wherein compound (a) is at least one polyorganosiloxane containing on average at least two unsaturated sites per molecule.
22 . The method of claim 20 wherein at least one compound (a) or polyorganosiloxane (b) has more functional groups than the other and is present in a molar amount equal to or lower than the molar amount of the other.
23 . The method of claim 20 wherein the unsaturated sites of (a) are in a molar ratio to silylhydride functional groups of (b) within a range of about (6−s):1 or about 1:(1+t) where s represents a number equal to or greater than 0 and less than 5, and t represents a number greater than 0 and equal to or less than 5.
24 . The method of claim 20 wherein the unsaturated sites of (a) are in a molar ratio to silylhydride functional groups of (b) within a range of about 4.5:1 to about 2:1.
25 . The method of claim 20 wherein the shear processing steps are performed, optionally, with diluent possessing a viscosity greater than about 100 cSt.
26 . A method for making a branched polysiloxane which comprises:
i) equilibrating under equilibration conditions at least two polyoganosiloxanes selected the group consisting of cyclic, linear and branched polyorganosiloxanes, and
ii) fragmenting by shearing at least one polyorganosiloxane prior to and/or during equilibration and/or the polyorganosiloxane resulting from equilibration.
27 . The method of claim 26 wherein the shear processing steps are performed, optionally, with diluent possessing a viscosity greater than about 100 cSt.
28 . A method for making a branched polysiloxane which comprises:
i) copolymerizing under condensation conditions at least one polyorganosiloxane containing at least two functional groups, and
ii) fragmenting by shearing at least one polyorganosiloxane prior to and/or during copolymerization and/or the copolymerized polyorganosiloxane resulting from copolymerization.
29 . The method of claim 28 wherein at least one polyorganosiloxane containing at least two functional groups and at least one compound with at least two functional groups are copolymerized under condensation conditions, provided, that at least one polyorganosiloxane and/or compound is fragmented by shearing prior to and/or during copolymerization and/or the copolymerized polyorganosiloxane is fragmented by shearing to provide the branched fragmented polyorganosiloxane.
30 . The method of claim 29 wherein at least one polyorganosiloxane or compound has more functional groups than the other and is present in a molar amount equal to or lower than the molar amount of the other.
31 . The method of claim 29 wherein the functional groups of the polyorganosiloxane are in a molar ratio to the functional groups of the compound within a range of about (6−s):1 or about 1:(1+t) where s represents a number equal to or greater than 0 and less than 5, and t represents a number greater than 0 and equal to or less than 5.
32 . The method of claim 29 wherein the functional groups of polyorganosiloxane are in a molar ratio to the functional groups of the compound within a range of about 4.5:1 to about 2:1.