Vehicle HVAC and Battery Thermal Management
A HVAC and battery thermal management system for a vehicle having a HVAC portion and a battery portion, and a method of operation, is disclosed. The HVAC portion may include a main chamber, an evaporator located in the main chamber, a heater extending across a portion of the main chamber downstream of the evaporator, a battery duct extending from the main chamber adjacent to the heater and in fluid communication with the main chamber both upstream and downstream of the heater. The battery portion may include a battery pack in fluid communication with the battery duct, a battery cooling valve located in the battery duct and configured to selectively allow fluid flow from the main chamber between the evaporator and the heater, and a battery heating valve located in the battery duct and configured to selectively allow fluid flow from the main chamber downstream of the heater.
1 . A HVAC and battery thermal management system for a vehicle comprising:
a HVAC portion including a main chamber having an outside air inlet and a recirculated air inlet, a HVAC blower, an evaporator located in the main chamber, a heater extending across a portion of the main chamber downstream of the evaporator, a battery duct extending from the main chamber adjacent to the heater and in fluid communication with the main chamber both upstream and downstream of the heater, a bypass/shutoff valve adjacent to the heater, and a temperature control and shutoff valve located in the main chamber downstream of the heater and downstream of the battery duct; and
a battery portion including a battery pack in fluid communication with the battery duct, a battery cooling valve located in the battery duct and configured to selectively allow fluid flow from the main chamber between the evaporator and the heater, a battery heating valve located in the battery duct and configured to selectively allow fluid flow from the main chamber downstream of the heater, and a pressure relief duct in fluid communication with the battery pack and selectively in fluid communication with atmosphere outside of the vehicle.
2 . The HVAC and battery thermal management system of claim 1 wherein the battery portion includes a battery-to-cabin recirculation duct in fluid communication between the pressure relief duct and a passenger cabin, a battery recirculation duct in fluid communication between the battery-to-cabin recirculation duct and the battery duct, and a battery recirculation valve configured to selectively block fluid flow into the battery recirculation duct.
3 . The HVAC and battery thermal management system of claim 2 wherein the HVAC portion includes a fresh/recirculated air valve configured to selectively control proportions of air flow from the outside air inlet and the recirculated air inlet.
4 . The HVAC and battery thermal management system of claim 2 wherein the battery portion includes a battery blower located in the battery duct and a battery heater located in the battery pack.
5 . The HVAC and battery thermal management system of claim 1 wherein the HVAC portion includes a cabin air distribution portion, the bypass shutoff valve is configured to selectively allow fluid flow from the evaporator to bypass the heater and flow into the cabin air distribution portion, the temperature control and shutoff valve is configured to selectively allow fluid flow through the heater to flow into the cabin air distribution portion, and the cabin air distribution portion is in fluid communication with a cabin venting flow path that is in fluid communication with the pressure relief duct.
6 . The HVAC and battery thermal management system of claim 1 wherein the heater is a heater core and a supplemental heater adjacent to the heater core.
7 . The HVAC and battery thermal management system of claim 1 wherein the battery portion includes a battery blower located in the battery duct.
8 . The HVAC and battery thermal management system of claim 1 wherein the battery portion includes a battery heater located in the battery pack.
9 . The HVAC and battery thermal management system of claim 1 including a controllable body pressure relief vent in fluid communication with the pressure relief duct and configured to selectively allow for inflow of air into the pressure relief duct.
10 . The HVAC and battery thermal management system of claim 9 including an automated sunroof configured to be openable upon the controllable body pressure relief vent allowing inflow of air.
11 . The HVAC and battery thermal management system of claim 9 including a key fob having a button for sending a wireless signal to cause the actuation of the controllable body pressure relief vent to allow inflow of air.
12 . A HVAC and battery thermal management system for a vehicle comprising:
a HVAC portion including a main chamber, a HVAC blower, an evaporator located in the main chamber, a heater extending across a portion of the main chamber downstream of the evaporator, and a battery duct extending from the main chamber adjacent to the heater and in fluid communication with the main chamber upstream of the heater; and
a battery portion including a battery pack in fluid communication with the battery duct, a battery cooling valve located in the battery duct and configured to selectively allow fluid flow from the main chamber between the evaporator and the heater, and a pressure relief duct in fluid communication with the battery pack and selectively in fluid communication with atmosphere outside of the vehicle.
13 . The HVAC and battery thermal management system of claim 12 wherein the battery portion includes a battery blower located in the battery duct and a battery heater located in the battery pack.
14 . The HVAC and battery thermal management system of claim 12 wherein the battery portion includes a battery-to-cabin recirculation duct in fluid communication with the pressure relief duct, a battery recirculation duct in fluid communication between the battery-to-cabin recirculation duct and the battery duct, and a battery recirculation valve configured to selectively block fluid flow into the battery recirculation duct.
15 . The HVAC and battery thermal management system of claim 12 wherein the battery duct is also in fluid communication with the main chamber downstream of the heater, and the battery portion includes a battery heating valve located in the battery duct and configured to selectively allow fluid flow from the main chamber downstream of the heater through the battery duct.
16 . A method of heating and cooling a battery pack of a vehicle, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) drawing air through an evaporator in a main chamber of a HVAC module;
(b) selectively flowing air through a heater in the main chamber downstream of the evaporator;
(c) selectively flowing air from between the evaporator and the heater through a battery duct to a battery pack;
(d) selectively flowing air from downstream of the heater through the battery duct to the battery pack; and
(e) selectively flowing air from the battery pack, through a duct, to one of a body pressure relief vent and a passenger cabin.
17 . The method of claim 16 wherein step (e) is further defined by selectively flowing air from the battery pack through a battery recirculation duct to the battery duct, and the method further includes the step of (f) creating air flow through the battery pack with a battery blower located adjacent to the battery pack.
18 . The method of claim 16 wherein step (b) is further defined by the heater being at least one of a heater core and a supplemental heater, and selectively flowing air through the at least one of the heater core and the supplemental heater.
19 . The method of claim 16 wherein step (c) is further defined by actuating a battery cooling valve in the battery duct to selectively allow the flow of air from between the evaporator and the heater into the battery duct, and step (d) is further defined by actuating a battery heating valve in the battery duct to selectively allow the flow of air from downstream of the heater into the battery duct.
20 . The method of claim 16 wherein the body pressure relief vent is a controllable body pressure relief vent, and the method includes (f) selectively allowing reverse air flow from the body pressure relief vent into the battery pack.