Fuel cell system and start-up method
A fuel cell system including a fuel cell stack having a plurality of fuel cells is provided. An anode supply manifold and an anode exhaust manifold are in fluid communication with the anodes of the plurality of fuel cells. A first valve is in fluid communication with the anode supply manifold and a second valve is in fluid communication with the anode exhaust manifold. A pressure sensor is adapted to measure an anode pressure. In operation, the first valve and the second valve are controlled in response to the anode pressure, thereby militating against an undesired exhausting of an anode supply stream.
1. A method for starting a fuel cell system including a fuel cell stack having a plurality of fuel cells, each of the plurality of fuel cells having an anode and a cathode with an electrolyte membrane disposed therebetween, the fuel cell stack having an anode supply manifold and an anode exhaust manifold in communication with the anodes of the plurality of fuel cells, the method comprising the steps of:
providing a first valve in one of an open position and a closed position, the first valve in fluid communication with the anode supply manifold;
providing a second valve in a closed position, the second valve in fluid communication with the anode exhaust manifold;
supplying an anode supply stream to the anode supply manifold;
opening the first valve if the first valve is provided in the closed position;
exhausting a first quantity of air from the anode supply manifold through the first valve;
monitoring an anode pressure by measuring a pressure differential across at least one of the first valve and the second valve;
closing the first valve when the anode pressure is less than a predetermined pressure value;
opening the second valve;
activating a dead-short when the second valve is opened, wherein an average voltage of the fuel cell stack is maintained at substantially zero;
exhausting a second quantity of air from the anode exhaust manifold through the second valve;
deactivating the dead-short of the fuel cell stack; and
supplying a cathode supply stream to a cathode inlet manifold in fluid communication with the plurality of fuel cells after supplying the anode supply stream to the anodes.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a pressure buildup occurs in the anode supply manifold between the steps of supplying the anode supply stream and opening the first valve.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined pressure value is indicative of the anode supply stream having substantially filled the anode supply manifold.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first valve is closed and the second valve is opened substantially simultaneously.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of: subjecting the fuel cell stack to a minimal load while supplying the cathode supply stream, wherein open circuit voltage events are militated against.