Turbocharged engine cylinder head internal cooling
View Patent ↗An engine cylinder head has an exhaust manifold cast in the cylinder head. A turbocharger with a turbine body is adapted to mount directly to an exhaust outlet mounting face of the exhaust manifold. A dual level water jacket within the cylinder head has separate coolant feeds for upper and lower cooling jackets. The cooling jackets extend above and below the exhaust outlet and are connected inward of the exhaust mounting face to reduce metal temperatures of the mounting face below those of the turbocharger exhaust inlet flange. Separate cores for the upper and lower jackets are connected at coolant inlet and outlet locations at opposite ends. Intermediate core print connectors form controlled flow passages between the upper and lower jackets and exhaust ports in the cylinder head and integrated manifold. The improved cooling in these areas lowers operating temperatures in the cylinder head and obviates the need for a separate exhaust manifold.
1. A cylinder head for a turbocharged engine comprising:
a casting defining external and internal walls including front and rear end walls connected longitudinally by opposite side walls and a bottom wall engaging the end and side walls;
an exhaust manifold within the casting and including first internal walls defining exhaust gas passages extending from individual exhaust ports in the lower wall to an exhaust gas outlet in one of the side walls, the outlet defined in a mounting face formed on said one side wall, and adapted for direct mounting of a turbocharger thereon;
a water jacket for cooling the bottom wall and the exhaust manifold, the water jacket including a lower cooling jacket and an upper cooling jacket largely separated by a generally horizontal dividing wall forming generally longitudinal vertically separated coolant flow passages extending from one end of the cylinder head to an other end thereof, the lower cooling jacket being in heat exchange relation with the inside of said bottom (combustion chamber) wall and the lower side of the exhaust manifold in the cylinder head, and the upper cooling jacket being in heat exchange relation with the upper side of the exhaust manifold and an oil return chamber in the cylinder head above the water jacket;
said lower and upper cooling jacket passages including generally vertical portions separated by said dividing wall but connecting with the longitudinal passages and lying inwardly adjacent the exhaust outlet mounting face to provide increased cooling of the mounting face.
2. The invention of claim 1 wherein said vertical portions are connected inwardly adjacent the mounting face, forming a continuous passage around the exhaust manifold outlet at the mounting face.
3. The invention of claim 1 including flow restricted vertical passages communicating the lower and upper cooling jackets between exhaust ports of adjacent engine combustion chambers to aid in cooling of the exhaust gas passages.
4. The invention of claim 3 including additional flow restricted vertical passages communicating the lower and upper cooling jackets between intake ports of adjacent engine combustion chambers.
5. The invention of claim 4 wherein the vertical passages extend beside adjacent combustion chambers of the cylinder head and aid in cooling interior walls of the combustion chambers.
6. The invention of claim 5 wherein the vertical passages between intake ports of the cylinders are larger than the vertical passages between the exhaust ports to provide increased cooling of the pressurized air charges in the intake ports.
7. The invention of claim 1 wherein the lower and upper cooling jackets have separate inlet passages at said one end of the cylinder head and sized to control the flow of coolant received from a common source and directed to the respective cooling jackets.
8. The invention of claim 7 wherein the upper and lower cooling jackets are connected to a common outlet passage at said other end of the cylinder head for returning the heated coolant from both jackets to an external cooling system for cooling and recirculation.