Cationic polyurea cover compositions for a multi-layer golf ball
Golf balls that have at least one layer formed from a cationic polyurea material. In particular, the compositions of the invention, which include a polymer backbone including urea linkages with cationic groups, may be formed from an isocyanate-containing component and an isocyanate-reactive component, at least one of which includes precursor cationic groups, in the presence of an alkylating, quaternizing, or ternarizing agent.
1. A golf ball comprising a core and a cover, wherein the cover comprises a castable reactive liquid material comprising:
a polyurea prepolymer formed from the reaction product of an isocyanate-containing component and an amine-terminated component, wherein the isocyanate-containing component consists of the reaction product of a diisocyanate and glycerol-α-bromohydrin ternarized with dimethyl sulfide, and wherein the isocyanate-containing component comprises at least one ═S;
a curative comprising an amine-terminated curing agent comprising between about 1 percent to about 50 percent ═S by weight of the amine-terminated curing agent;
at least one quaternizing agent comprising dialkyl sulfate present in an amount sufficient to react with at least about 70 percent of ═S; and
a flow modifier comprising zinc stearate, wherein the flow modifier is present in an amount of about 15 pph to about 75 pph.
2. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein the cover comprises an inner cover layer and an outer cover layer.
3. The golf ball of claim 2 , wherein the inner cover layer comprises the polymer.
4. The golf ball of claim 2 , wherein the outer cover layer comprises the polymer.
5. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein the amine-terminated curing agent comprises between about 5 percent to about 25 percent ═S by weight of the amine terminated curing agent.
6. A golf ball comprising at least one layer comprising a composition comprising:
a polyurea prepolymer formed from the reaction product of an isocyanate-containing component and an amine-terminated component, wherein the isocyanate-containing component consists of the reaction product of a diisocyanate and, glycerol-α-bromohydrin ternarized with dimethyl sulfide, and wherein the isocyanate-containing component comprises at least one ═S;
a curative comprising an amine-terminated curing agent having at least one of the following general formulas:
H 2 N—R 1 —NH 2 ;
R 2 HN—R 1 —NHR 2 ;
R 3 R 2 N—R 1 —NR 2 R 3 ;
H 2 N—R 1 —NHR 2 ;
R 3 R 2 N—R 1 —NH 2 ; or
R 3 R 2 N—R 1 —NHR 2
where R 1 comprises unsubstituted or substituted straight chain or branched aliphatic groups, unsubstituted or substituted aromatic groups, or mixtures thereof, wherein R 2 and R 3 independently comprise an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an aralkyl group, and wherein the amine-terminated curing agent further comprises about 1 percent to about 50 percent ═S by weight of the amine-terminated curing agent;
a neutralizing agent comprising dialkyl sulfate, wherein the neutralizing agent is present in an amount sufficient to react with at least about 0 percent ═S; and
a flow modifier comprising zinc stearate, wherein the flow modifier is present in an amount of about 15 pph to about 75 pph.
7. The golf ball of claim 6 , wherein the golf ball comprises a core, an intermediate layer disposed about the core to form an inner ball, and a cover disposed about the inner ball, and wherein the cover is formed from the composition.
8. The golf ball of claim 7 , wherein the intermediate layer is formed from a thermoplastic material.
9. The golf ball of claim 6 , wherein the golf ball comprises a core, an intermediate layer disposed about the core to form an inner ball, and a cover disposed about the inner ball, and wherein the intermediate layer is formed from the composition.
10. The golf ball of claim 6 , wherein the composition is thermoplastic.
11. The golf ball of claim 6 , wherein the amine-terminated curing agent comprises between about 5 percent and 25 percent ═S by weight of the amine-terminated curing agent.
12. A golf ball comprising a core, an intermediate layer disposed about the core, and a cover disposed about the intermediate layer, wherein at least one of the intermediate layer and cover is formed of a composition comprising:
a polyurea prepolymer formed from the reaction product of an isocyanate-containing component and an amine-terminated component, wherein the polyurea prepolymer further comprises a neutralizing agent comprising diallyl sulfate,
wherein the isocyanate-containing component consists of the reaction product of a diisocyanate and glycerol-α-bromohydrin ternarized with dimethyl sulfide, and
wherein the isocyanate-containing component comprises at least one ═S;
an amine-terminated curing agent comprising between about 5 percent to about 25 percent ═S by weight of the amine-terminated curing agent; and
a flow modifier comprising zinc stearate, wherein the flow modifier is present in an amount of about 15 pph to about 75 pph, and wherein the percent conversion of ═S to ═S ⊕ —is at least about 75 percent.
13. The golf ball of claim 12 , wherein the intermediate layer comprises a thermoplastic material.
14. The golf ball of claim 12 , wherein the composition is thermoset.
15. The golf ball of claim 12 , wherein the composition is thermoplastic.