Friction stir welding using an adhesive, copper, tin and zinc interlayer
View Patent ↗When a friction stir weld tool penetrates the interface of two workpieces of dissimilar metal alloy materials, the resultant weld of the different alloy materials may produce a weak weld joint. Such weak joints are often experienced, for example, when attempting to form spot welds or other friction stir welds between a magnesium alloy sheet or strip and an aluminum alloy sheet or strip. It is discovered that suitable coating compositions including an adhesive placed at the interface of assembled workpieces can alter the composition of the friction stir weld material and strengthen the resulting bond. In the example of friction stir welds between magnesium alloy and aluminum alloy workpieces, it is found that combinations of an adhesive with copper, tin, zinc, and/or other powders can strengthen the magnesium-containing and aluminum-containing friction stir weld material.
1. A method of forming a friction stir weld between a magnesium-based alloy workpiece and an aluminum-based alloy workpiece, the method comprising:
forming an assembly in which the magnesium-based alloy workpiece and the aluminum-based alloy workpiece have faying surfaces with a faying surfaces weld location at which the friction stir weld is to be formed and one of the workpieces has a surface with a friction stir engagement location for engagement with a rotating friction stir weld tool;
placing an interlayer composition consisting essentially of adhesive, copper, tin, and zinc at the faying surfaces weld location; and
friction stirring the magnesium-based alloy workpiece and the aluminum-based alloy workpiece with a friction stir tool that initially engages the friction stir engagement location and penetrates the workpieces to each faying surfaces weld location,
in which the action of the friction stir tool causes mixing of the interlayer composition with metal elements of the magnesium-based alloy workpiece and the aluminum-based alloy workpiece and forms a weld material at the faying surfaces weld location, the weld material comprising constituents from the interlayer composition, each metal workpiece and any reacted products, and
in which the action of the friction stir tool causes at least a portion of the adhesive to cure and to bond the magnesium-based alloy workpiece and the aluminum-based alloy workpiece together.
2. A method as recited in claim 1 in which the copper, tin and zinc of the interlayer composition are powders.
3. A method as recited in claim 1 in which placing the interlayer composition comprises at least one of cold spraying, thermal spraying, electron beam vacuum deposition, or cladding.