Jet fuel compositions and methods of making and using same
View Patent ↗Provided herein are, among other things, jet fuel compositions and methods of making and using the same. In some embodiments, the fuel compositions comprise at least a fuel component readily and efficiently produced, at least in part, from a microorganism. In certain embodiments, the fuel compositions provided herein comprise a high concentration of at least a bioengineered fuel component. In further embodiments, the fuel compositions provided herein comprise amorphane.
1. A fuel composition comprising or obtainable from a mixture comprising:
(a) an amorphane having formula (I):
or a stereoisomer thereof, and
(b) a fuel additive.
2. The fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein the fuel additive is at least one additive selected from the group consisting of an oxygenate, an antioxidant, a thermal stability improver, a stabilizer, a cold flow improver, a combustion improver, an anti-foam, an anti-haze additive, a corrosion inhibitor, a lubricity improver, an icing inhibitor, an injector cleanliness additive, a smoke suppressant, a drag reducing additive, a metal deactivator, a dispersant, a detergent, a de-emulsifier, a dye, a marker, a static dissipater, a biocide, and combinations thereof.
3. The fuel composition of claim 1 further comprising a petroleum-based fuel.
4. The fuel composition of claim 3 , wherein the petroleum-based fuel is gasoline, kerosene, jet fuel or diesel fuel.
5. The fuel composition of claim 3 , wherein the petroleum-based fuel is Jet A, Jet A-1 or Jet B.
6. The fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein the fuel composition meets the ASTM D 1655 specification for Jet A, Jet A-1 or Jet B.
7. The fuel composition of claim 3 , wherein the amount of the amorphane is at least about 5 vol. %, based on the total volume of the fuel composition.
8. The fuel composition of claim 3 , wherein the amount of the amorphane is at least about 10 vol. %, based on the total volume of the fuel composition.
9. The fuel compositions of claim 3 , wherein the amount of the amorphane is at least about 15 vol. %, based on the total volume of the fuel composition.
10. The fuel composition of claim 3 , wherein the amount of the amorphane is at least about 20 vol. %, based on the total volume of the fuel composition.
11. The fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein the amorphane is
or a combination thereof.
12. The fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein the amorphane is
or a combination thereof.
13. A method of making a fuel composition from a simple sugar comprising:
(a) contacting a cell capable of making an amorphadiene with the simple sugar under conditions suitable for making the amorphadiene;
(b) converting the amorphadiene to an amorphane; and
(c) mixing the amorphane with a petroleum-based fuel to make the fuel composition.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the amorphadiene is converted to the amorphane with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the catalyst is Pd/C.
16. The method of claim 13 wherein the simple sugar is glucose, galactose, mannose, fructose, ribose, or a combination thereof.
17. A vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine, a fuel tank connected to the internal combustion engine, and the fuel composition of claim 1 in the fuel tank.
18. The vehicle of claim 17 wherein the internal combustion engine is a jet engine.
19. A method of powering an engine comprising the step of combusting the fuel composition of claim 1 in the engine.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the engine is a jet engine.
21. A fuel composition made by the method of claim 13 .
22. A vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine, a fuel tank connected to the internal combustion engine, and the fuel composition of claim 21 in the fuel tank.
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the engine is a jet engine.
24. A method of powering an engine comprising the step of combusting the fuel composition of claim 21 in the engine.
25. The method of claim 24 , wherein the engine is a jet engine.