HUMAN BIOMARKER HYPERMAPPING FOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS
Materials and Methods related to diagnosing depression disorders, or determining a subject's predisposition to develop a depression disorder, using a multi-parameter hypermapping system and algorithms related thereto.
1 . A method for assessing the likelihood that an individual has major depressive disorder (MDD), comprising
(a) identifying groups of biomarkers that may be related to MDD;
(b) obtaining clinical data from a plurality of subjects for the identified groups of biomarkers, wherein some of the subjects are diagnosed as having MDD and some of the subjects do not have MDD;
(c) applying optimization algorithms to the clinical data and calculating coefficients for selected biomarkers within each group;
(d) creating a hypermap by generating vectors for each group of selected biomarkers;
(e) measuring the levels of said selected biomarkers in one or more biological samples from said subject;
(f) applying said algorithms to said measured levels; and
(g) comparing the result of said algorithms for said individual to the hypermap to determine whether said individual is likely to have MDD, is not likely to have MDD, or falls into a sub-class that can be used to predict disease course, select a treatment regimen, or provide information regarding severity.
2 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising, if it is determined in step (g) that said individual is likely to have MDD:
(h) comparing the result of hypermaps for said individual prior to and subsequent to therapy for said MDD, determining whether a change in biomarker pattern has occurred, and determining how any such change is reflected in the clinical status of said individual.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said groups of biomarkers comprise two or more inflammatory biomarkers, HPA axis biomarkers, metabolic biomarkers, or neurotrophic biomarkers.
4 . The method of claim 3 , wherein said inflammatory biomarkers are selected from the group consisting of alpha 1 antitrypsin, alpha 2 macroglobin, apolipoprotein CIII, CD40 ligand, interleukin 6, interleukin 13, interleukin 18, interleukin 1 receptor antagonist, myeloperoxidase, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, RANTES (CCL5), and tumor necrosis factor alpha.
5 . The method of claim 3 , wherein said HPA axis biomarkers are selected from the group consisting of cortisol, epidermal growth factor, granulocyte colony stimulating factor, pancreatic polypeptide, adrenocorticotropic hormone, arginine vasopressin, and corticotropin-releasing hormone.
6 . The method of claim 3 , wherein said metabolic biomarkers are selected from the group consisting of adiponectin, acylation stimulating protein, fatty acid binding protein, insulin, leptin, prolactin, resistin, testosterone, and thyroid stimulating hormone.
7 . The method of claim 3 , wherein said neurotrophic biomarkers are selected from the group consisting of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, S100B, neurotrophin 3, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, reelin and isoforms thereof, and artemin.