System and method for fast discharge of a ring motor field
High-power synchronous motors are commonly used in mining operations, for example, in gearless draglines, gearless conveyor drives, and gearless mill drives. Substantial electromagnetic energy is stored in the inductive field windings. In the event of a system fault, such as a short in the direct current power source exciting the field windings, the electromagnetic energy needs to be discharged from the field windings. This electromagnetic energy is typically dissipated as waste heat through a resistor. Disclosed is a field discharge system in which the electromagnetic energy is captured and stored as electrical energy in a capacitor. If an ultracapacitor bank is used for storage, the charged ultracapacitor bank can be used as a backup or auxiliary power source for mining operations. The discharge time is sufficiently small that high speed circuit breakers are not needed to disconnect stator windings from the alternating current power source when a fault occurs.
1. A method for discharging electromagnetic energy from a field winding of a synchronous motor, wherein the field winding is energized by a direct current source comprising a direct current link capacitor, the method comprising the steps of:
receiving a fault signal indicating that a short circuit of the direct current link capacitor has occurred;
in response to the fault signal, transferring, by one or more switches of a field discharge system, the electromagnetic energy from the field winding to an ultracapacitor;
storing the electromagnetic energy in the ultracapacitor;
measuring a field current flowing through the field winding; and
stopping transfer of the electromagnetic energy to the ultracapacitor when the field current is less than or equal to a threshold value.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the steps of:
receiving a command; and
in response to the command, transferring the electromagnetic energy to the ultracapacitor.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the synchronous motor drives one of a gearless dragline, a gearless conveyor, or a gearless mill.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of:
partially charging the ultracapacitor prior to transferring the electromagnetic energy to the ultracapacitor.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of:
discharging electrical energy from the ultracapacitor after the electromagnetic energy has been stored in the ultracapacitor.
6. An apparatus for discharging electromagnetic energy from a field winding of a synchronous motor, wherein the field winding is energized by a direct current source comprising a direct current link capacitor, the apparatus comprising:
means for receiving a fault signal indicating that a short circuit of the direct current link capacitor has occurred;
means for controlling one or more switches of a field discharge system to transfer the electromagnetic energy from the field winding to an ultracapacitor in response to the fault signal;
means for storing the electromagnetic energy in the ultracapacitor;
means for measuring a field current flowing through the field winding; and
means for stopping transfer of the electromagnetic energy to the ultracapacitor when the field current is less than or equal to a threshold value.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 , further comprising:
means for receiving a command; and
means for transferring the electromagnetic energy to the ultracapacitor in response to the command.
8. The apparatus of claim 6 , further comprising: means for partially charging the capacitor prior to transferring the electromagnetic energy to the ultracapacitor.
9. The apparatus of claim 6 , further comprising: means for discharging electrical energy from the ultracapacitor after the electromagnetic energy has been stored in the ultracapacitor.
10. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing computer program instructions for discharging electromagnetic energy from a field winding of a synchronous motor, wherein the field winding is energized by a direct current source comprising a direct current link capacitor, the computer program instructions defining the steps of:
receiving a fault signal indicating that a short circuit of the direct current link capacitor has occurred;
in response to the fault signal, transferring, by one or more switches of a field discharge system, the electromagnetic energy from the field winding to an ultracapacitor;
storing the electromagnetic energy in the ultracapacitor;
wherein the computer program instructions further comprise computer program instructions defining the steps of:
measuring a field current flowing through the field winding; and
stopping transfer of the electromagnetic energy to the ultracapacitor when the field current is less than or equal to a threshold value.
11. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 10 , wherein the computer program instructions further comprise computer program instructions defining the steps of:
receiving a command; and
in response to the command, transferring the electromagnetic energy to the ultracapacitor.
12. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 10 , wherein the computer program instructions further comprise computer program instructions defining the step of:
partially charging the ultracapacitor prior to transferring the electromagnetic energy to the ultracapacitor.
13. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 10 , wherein the computer program instructions further comprise computer program instructions defining the step of:
discharging electrical energy from the ultracapacitor after the electromagnetic energy has been stored in the ultracapacitor.
14. A field discharge system for transferring electromagnetic energy from a field winding of a synchronous motor, wherein the field winding is energized by a direct current source comprising a direct current link capacitor, the field discharge system comprising:
an ultracapacitor;
a first switch operatively coupled to the ultracapacitor;
a second switch operatively coupled to the ultracapacitor;
a control element configured to transmit a fault signal in response to a short circuit of the direct current link capacitor; and
a field discharge system controller operatively coupled to the first switch, the second switch, and the control element;
wherein:
the field discharge system controller is configured to:
transmit a first control signal; and
in response to receiving a fault signal from the control element, transmit a second control signal; and the first switch and the second switch are configured to:
in response to receiving the first control signal from the field discharge system controller, transmit current from the direct current source through the field winding; and
in response to receiving the second control signal from the field discharge system controller, transfer electromagnetic energy from the field winding to the ultracapacitor and store the electromagnetic energy in the ultracapacitor.
15. The field discharge system of claim 14 ,
wherein the field discharge system controller is further configured to:
receive a command; and in response to the command, transmit the second control signal.
16. The field discharge system of claim 14 ,
wherein the control element is a first control element, further comprising a second control element configured to:
receive at least one control signal from the field discharge system controller.