Method to complex metals in aqueous treating fluids for VES-gelled fluids
Aqueous treating fluids may include a viscoelastic surfactant (VES) and an aqueous base fluid, e.g. a drilling fluid, whereby the VES may increase and/or maintain the viscosity of the aqueous treating fluid. Metal ions may be present within the aqueous treating fluid that break, reduce, and/or digest the VES within the aqueous treating fluid. An effective amount of complexation particles may be added to the aqueous treating fluid for complexing at least a portion of these metal ions and thereby disallowing the metal ions from breaking, reducing, and/or altering the VES within the aqueous treating fluid.
1. A method for inhibiting or preventing the degradation of a viscoelastic surfactant (VES) comprising adding an effective amount of complexation particles to an aqueous treating fluid having metal ions disposed therein, whereby the effective amount of complexation particles complex at least a portion of the metal ions, and wherein the aqueous treating fluid comprises at least one VES and an aqueous base fluid, wherein the metal ions are selected from the group consisting of a transition metal selected from the group consisting of Groups VA, VIA, VIIA, VIIIA, IE, IIB, IIIB, and IVB of the Periodic Table, and combinations thereof and are those present from impurities in salt products from the aqueous base fluids, aqueous treating fluids, or source water, those present from metal surfaces of mixing and handling equipment, piping, valves, and pumps, wellbore tubing or casing, those present from metal-scale particles, those due to the corrosion of metal surfaces from brine mixing systems and/or stocking tanks, and combinations thereof, and wherein the complexation particles are selected from the group consisting of high cation exchange capacity phyllosilicate mineral particles, zeolites, alkaline earth metal oxides and hydroxides, TiO 2 ZnO, Al 2 O 3 , and combinations thereof.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the effective amount of complexation particles added to the aqueous treating fluid ranges from about 0.0001 wt % to about 0.5wt %.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal ions are present in the aqueous treating fluid in an amount ranging from about 0.1 mg/L to about 10,000 mg/L.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the VES surfactant is selected from the group consisting of non-ionic, cationic, amphoteric, and zwitterionic surfactants and combinations thereof.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the VES surfactant is selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts, amidoamine oxides, dihydroxyl alkyl glycinate; alkyl ampho acetate or propionate; alkyl betaine; alkyl amidopropyl betaine and alkylimino mono- or di-propionates derived from certain waxes, fats and oils; and combinations thereof.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the size of the complexation particles ranges from about 1 nm to about 50 microns.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the complexation particles are nano-sized particles selected from the group consisting of TiO 2 , ZnO, Al 2 O 3 , and combinations thereof, wherein the nano-sized particles are less than 100 nm.
8. A method for inhibiting or preventing the degradation of a viscoelastic surfactant (VES) comprising adding an effective amount of complexation particles to an aqueous treating fluid having metal ions disposed therein, whereby the effective amount of complexation particles complex at least a portion of the metal ions, wherein the aqueous treating fluid comprises at least one VES and an aqueous base fluid, wherein the effective amount of complexation particles ranges from about 0.0001 wt % to about 0.5 wt %, and wherein the size of the complexation particles ranges from about 1 nm to about 50 microns, wherein the metal ions are selected from the group consisting of a transition metal selected from the group consisting of Groups VA, VIA, VIIA, VIIIA, IE, IIB, IIIB, and IVB of the Periodic Table, and combinations thereof and are those present from impurities in salt products from the aqueous base fluids, aqueous treating fluids, or source water, those present from metal surfaces of mixing and handling equipment, piping, valves, and pumps, wellbore tubing or casing, those present from metal-scale particles, those due to the corrosion of metal surfaces from brine mixing systems and/or stocking tanks, and combinations thereof, and wherein the complexation particles are selected from the group consisting of high cation exchange capacity phyllosilicate mineral particles, zeolites, alkaline earth metal oxides and hydroxides, TiO 2 ZnO, Al 2 O 3 , and combinations thereof, wherein the nano-sized particles are less than 100 nm.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the complexation particles are nano-sized particles selected from the group consisting of TiO 2 , ZnO, Al 2 O 3 , and combinations thereof.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the VES surfactant is selected from the group consisting of non-ionic, cationic, amphoteric, and zwitterionic surfactants and combinations thereof.
11. A method for inhibiting or preventing the degradation of a viscoelastic surfactant (VES) comprising:
adding an effective amount of complexation particles to an aqueous treating fluid having metal ions disposed therein, whereby the effective amount of complexation particles complex at least a portion of the metal ions, wherein the aqueous treating fluid comprises at least one VES and an aqueous base fluid, wherein the metal ions are present in the aqueous treating fluid in an amount ranging from about 0.1 mg/L to about 10,000 mg/L; and
preventing the degradation of the viscoelastic surfactant (VES) by the metal ions present in the aqueous treating fluid compared to an otherwise identical method absent the complexation particles, wherein the metal ions may be selected from the group consisting of a transition metal selected from the group consisting of Groups VA, VIA, VIIA, VIIIA, IE, IIB, IIIB, and IVB of the Periodic Table, and combinations thereof and are those present from impurities in salt products from the aqueous base fluids, aqueous treating fluids, or source water, those present from metal surfaces of mixing and handling equipment, piping, valves, and pumps, wellbore tubing or casing, those present from metal-scale particles, those due to the corrosion of metal surfaces from brine mixing systems and/or stocking tanks, and combinations thereof, and wherein the complexation particles are selected from the group consisting of high cation exchange capacity phyllosilicate mineral particles zeolites TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , and combinations thereof.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the VES surfactant is selected from the group consisting of non-ionic, cationic, amphoteric, and zwitterionic surfactants and combinations thereof.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the size of the complexation particles ranges from about 1 nm to about 50 microns.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the effective amount of complexation particles ranges from about 0.0001 wt % to about 0.5 wt %.