Hydrogen sulfide scavenger for use in hydrocarbons
An effective hydrogen sulfide scavenger that produces little corrosion may be prepared by reacting glyoxal with a compound having at least two primary or secondary amine groups. The subject hydrogen sulfide scavengers may be used with both the production of crude oil and natural gas, and the refining of same.
1. A hydrogen sulfide scavenger comprising a reaction product of glyoxal and a polyamine selected from the group consisting of triethylene tetramine (TETA), tetraethylene pentamine (TEPA), cyclohexane diamine, butane diamine, and combinations thereof.
2. The hydrogen sulfide scavenger of claim 1 wherein the polyamine has from about 2 to about 10 carbons.
3. The hydrogen sulfide scavenger of claim 2 wherein the polyamine has from about 2 to about 6 carbons.
4. The hydrogen sulfide scavenger of claim 1 wherein the equivalent ratio of glyoxal to polyamine is from about 1:9 to about 9:1.
5. The hydrogen sulfide scavenger of claim 4 wherein the equivalent ratio of glyoxal to polyamine is from about 1:7 to about 7:1.
6. The hydrogen sulfide scavenger of claim 5 wherein the equivalent ratio of glyoxal to polyamine is from about 1:4 to about 2:1.
7. The hydrogen sulfide scavenger of claim 1 wherein the equivalent ratio of glyoxal to polyamine is about 1:1.
8. The hydrogen sulfide scavenger of claim 1 wherein the hydrogen sulfide scavenger additionally comprises a dispersant.
9. The hydrogen sulfide scavenger of claim 8 wherein the dispersant is selected from the group consisting of mono-ethylene glycol n-hexyl ether (Hexyl Cellosolve[R] available from Union Carbide); ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (Butyl Cellosolve[R]); di- and tri-propylene glycol derivatives of propyl and butyl alcohol, which are available from Arco Chemical (3801 West Chester Pike, Newtown Square, Pa. 19073) and Dow Chemical (1691 N. Swede Road, Midland, Mich.) under the trade names Arcosolv[R] and Dowanol[R]; mono-propylene glycol mono-propyl ether; di-propylene glycol mono-propyl ether; mono-propylene glycol mono-butyl ether, di-propylene glycol mono-propyl ether, di-propylene glycol mono-butyl ether; tri-propylene glycol mono-butyl ether; ethylene glycol mono-butyl ether; di-ethylene glycol mono-butyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-hexyl ether; di-ethylene glycol mono-hexyl ether; 3-methoxy-3-methyl-butanol; and mixtures thereof.
10. The hydrogen sulfide scavenger of claim 8 wherein the dispersant is selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated long chain and/or branched alcohols, ethoxylated carboxylic acids, and ethoxylated nonylphenols having from about 2 to about 11 ethylene oxide (EO) units, ethoxylated long chain and branched alcohols, ethoxylated carboxylic acids, ethoxylated esters of glycerol, and combinations thereof.
11. The hydrogen sulfide scavenger of claim 8 wherein the dispersant is present at a concentration of less than about 5%.
12. The hydrogen sulfide scavenger of claim 8 wherein the dispersant is present at a concentration of less than about 1%.
13. A composition comprising the product resulting from treating a hydrocarbon with a hydrogen sulfide scavenger of claim 1 where the composition further comprises the hydrogen sulfide scavenger.
14. The composition of claim 13 wherein the hydrocarbon is crude oil.
15. The composition of claim 13 wherein the hydrocarbon is asphalt.
16. A method of treating a hydrocarbon with a hydrogen sulfide scavenger comprising introducing a hydrogen sulfide scavenger into a hydrocarbon at a location selected from the group consisting of a feed material upstream from a refining unit as the feed material passes through a turbulent section of piping, in a holding vessel that is agitated, into a turbulent flow immediately upstream of a refinery unit, into a vaporous stream, and combinations thereof; wherein the hydrogen sulfide scavenger comprises a reaction product of glyoxal and a polyamine selected from the group consisting of triethylene tetramine (TETA), tetraethylene pentamine (TEPA), cyclohexane diamine, butane diamine, and combinations thereof.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein the hydrogen sulfide scavenger is introduced into the hydrocarbon at a concentration of from about 10 to about 10,000 ppm.