Methods for using indicator compositions
An indicator composition can be exposed to various environmental conditions stimuli such as in sterilization or storage processes. This indicator composition has a) a first polymeric particle comprising a solid continuous polymeric phase and a first reactant, the first polymeric particle having a mode particle size equal to or less than 50 μm; and b) a second reactant outside of the first polymeric particle, which second reactant is capable of reacting with the first reactant when exposed to a chosen environmental condition stimulus. The indicator composition can be used by exposing it to the environmental condition stimulus for a sufficient time to cause a detectable change in the indicator composition such as a detectable color change.
1. A method for indicating an environmental condition stimulus, the method comprising:
exposing an indicator composition to electromagnetic radiation, saturated steam, ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, dry heat greater than 100° C., or any combination of these environmental condition stimuli, sufficient to cause a detectable change in the indicator composition, the indicator composition comprising:
a) a first polymeric particle comprising a solid continuous polymeric phase, multiple discrete compartments that are not interconnected and are dispersed within the solid continuous polymeric phase, and a first solid particle reactant within the volume of the multiple discrete compartments, the first polymeric particle having a mode particle size equal to or less than 50 mm; and
b) a second solid particle reactant that is outside of the first polymeric particle, which second solid particle reactant is capable of reacting with the first solid particle reactant when exposed to the electromagnetic radiation, saturated steam, ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, dry heat greater than 100° C., or any combination of these environmental condition stimuli,
wherein the indicator composition further comprises an organic polymeric matrix in which the first polymeric particle is dispersed, and the second solid particle reactant is predominantly within the organic polymeric matrix.
2. The method of claim 1 , comprising exposing the indicator composition for more than 1 minute to saturated steam or dry heat above 100° C. as the environmental condition stimulus.
3. The method of claim 1 , comprising exposing the indicator composition to the electromagnetic radiation, saturated steam, ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, dry heat greater than 100° C., or any combination of these environmental condition stimuli sufficient to cause a detectable color change in the indicator composition, which detectable color change is a change from a colorless state to a colored state, from a colored state to a colorless state, or from one color hue to another color hue.
4. The method of claim 1 , comprising exposing the indicator composition to ethylene oxide as the environmental condition stimulus.
5. The method of claim 1 , comprising exposing the indicator composition to the electromagnetic radiation, saturated steam, ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, dry heat greater than 100° C., or any combination of these environmental condition stimuli sufficient to provide the color change by the formation of insoluble metal sulfides.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first solid particle reactant is a source of a sulfide and the second solid particle reactant is reactive with the sulfide.
7. The method of claim 1 , comprising exposing the indicator composition to the electromagnetic radiation, saturated steam, ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, dry heat greater than 100° C., or any combination of these environmental condition stimuli sufficient to cause a reaction of the second solid particle reactant with the first solid particle reactant to provide a color change outside the first polymeric particle.
8. The method of claim 1 , comprising exposing the indicator composition to the electromagnetic radiation, saturated steam, ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, dry heat greater than 100° C., or any combination of these environmental condition stimuli to cause a reaction of the second solid particle reactant with the first solid particle reactant via an intermediate reaction product of either the first or second reactant.
9. The method of claim 1 , comprising exposing the indicator composition to the electromagnetic radiation, saturated steam, ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, dry heat greater than 100° C., or any combination of these environmental condition stimuli to cause a change in color in the indicator composition, which change in color is accomplished by hiding the original color of the indicator composition.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second solid particle reactant is present within a second polymeric particle that comprises a solid continuous polymeric phase and one or more discrete compartments dispersed within the solid continuous polymeric phase, which second solid particle reactant is present predominantly within the volume of the one or more discrete compartments within the second polymeric particle.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first polymeric particle has a mode particle size of at least 1 μm and up to and including 20 μm.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first polymeric particle further comprises an inert colorant.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solid continuous polymeric phase of the first polymeric particle comprises one or more organic polymers.
14. The method of claim 1 , for sterilizing surgical instruments or clothing, wherein the indicator composition is present in a pouch containing the surgical instruments or clothing, or the indicator composition is present as a label or free standing web in the pouch.
15. A method for indicating an environmental condition stimulus, the method comprising:
exposing an indicator composition to electromagnetic radiation, saturated steam, ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, dry heat greater than 100° C., or any combination of these environmental condition stimuli, sufficient to cause a detectable change in the indicator composition, the indicator composition comprising:
a) a first polymeric particle comprising a solid continuous polymeric phase, multiple discrete compartments that are not interconnected and are dispersed within the solid continuous polymeric phase, and a first reactant within the volume of the multiple discrete compartments, the first polymeric particle having a mode particle size equal to or less than 50 μm; and
b) a second reactant that is outside of the first polymeric particle, which second reactant is capable of reacting with the first reactant when exposed to the electromagnetic radiation, saturated steam, ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, dry heat greater than 100° C., or any combination of these environmental condition stimuli,
wherein the solid continuous polymeric phase of the first polymeric particle comprises one or more inorganic polymers.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the indicator composition further comprises an organic polymeric matrix.