Use of hydroxyacid to reduce the localized corrosion potential of low dose hydrate inhibitors
Corrosion of metal conduits by hydrate inhibitor formulations, particularly localized corrosion, is mitigated when the hydrate inhibitor formulation contains an effective amount of at least one hydroxyacid or equivalent selected from the group consisting of hydroxyacids having 2 to 20 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxyl group. The hydrate inhibitor formulation has an absence of methanol, but may include other alcohol solvents, diol or triol solvents, aromatic solvents and ketone solvents.
1. A method to mitigate corrosion in a metal conduit containing a fluid comprising a hydrate inhibitor formulation comprising a hydrate inhibitor and at least one inorganic halide ion, and having an absence of methanol, the method comprising including in the hydrate inhibitor formulation an effective amount of at least one hydroxyacid or equivalent thereof selected from the group consisting of hydroxyacids having 2 to 20 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxyl group, alkali metal salts of these hydroxyacids, amine salts of these hydroxyacids, and combinations thereof, to mitigate corrosion of the metal conduit.
2. The method of claim 1 where the at least one inorganic halide ion is selected from the group consisting of fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide and combinations thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 where the hydrate inhibitor formulation has an absence of an organic halide.
4. The method of claim 1 where the hydrate inhibitor formulation comprises a solvent selected from the group consisting of aromatic solvents, alcohols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, diols or triols containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms, ketones having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and mixtures of these solvents.
5. The method of claim 1 where the hydroxyacid or equivalent is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyacetic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, salicylic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, gallic acid, gluconic acid, alkali metal salts of these hydroxyacids, amine salts of these hydroxyacids, and mixtures thereof.
6. The method of claim 1 where the effective amount of hydroxyacid in the hydrate inhibitor formulation ranges from about 0.01 wt % to about 10 wt %.
7. The method of claim 1 where the fluid has improved localized corrosion with respect to the metal conduit when it is in contact with the metal conduit as compared with an otherwise identical fluid absent the at least one hydroxyacid.
8. The method of claim 1 where the at least one hydroxyacid or equivalent thereof is the only corrosion inhibitor in the hydrate inhibitor formulation.
9. The method of claim 1 where the metal conduit is selected from the group consisting of an umbilical, a transfer line, a pipeline, injection tubing, and combinations thereof.
10. The method of claim 9 where the metal conduit comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of duplex steels, single phase stainless steels, carbon steels, and combinations thereof.
11. A method to mitigate corrosion in a metal conduit containing a fluid comprising a hydrate inhibitor formulation comprising a low dose hydrate inhibitor and at least one inorganic halide ion, and having an absence of methanol, the method comprising including in the hydrate inhibitor formulation from about 0.01 wt % to about 10 wt % of at least one hydroxyacid or equivalent thereof, where the hydroxyacid or equivalent is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyacetic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, salicylic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, gallic acid, gluconic acid, alkali metal salts of these hydroxyacids, amine salts of these hydroxyacids, and mixtures thereof.
12. The method of claim 11 where the hydrate inhibitor formulation has an absence of an organic halide.
13. The method of claim 11 where the hydrate inhibitor formulation comprises a solvent selected from the group consisting of aromatic solvents, alcohols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, diols or triols containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms, ketones having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and mixtures of these solvents.
14. A method to mitigate corrosion in a metal conduit containing a fluid comprising a hydrate inhibitor formulation comprising a low dose hydrate inhibitor and at least one inorganic halide ion, and having an absence of methanol, the method comprising including in the hydrate inhibitor formulation an effective amount of at least one hydroxyacid or equivalent thereof selected from the group consisting of hydroxyacids having 2 to 20 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxyl group, alkali metal salts of these hydroxyacids, amine salts of these hydroxyacids, and combinations thereof, to mitigate corrosion of the metal conduit, and where the hydrate inhibitor formulation comprises a solvent selected from the group consisting of aromatic solvents, alcohols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, diols or triols containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms, ketones having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and mixtures of these solvents.
15. The method of claim 14 where the hydrate inhibitor formulation has an absence of an organic halide.
16. The method of claim 14 where the hydroxyacid or equivalent thereof is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyacetic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, salicylic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, gallic acid, gluconic acid, alkali metal salts of these hydroxyacids, amine salts of these hydroxyacids, and mixtures thereof.
17. The method of claim 14 where the effective amount of hydroxyacid in the hydrate inhibitor formulation ranges from about 0.01 wt % to about 10 wt %.